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- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=big5">
- <meta name="Keywords" Content="pinyin, zhuyin, bopomofo, wade, yale">
- <title>PinYin and BoPoMoFo ZhuYin Equivalence</title></head>
- <body bgcolor="#55BBAB">
- <center><h2>PinYin and BoPoMoFo ZhuYin Equivalence</h2></center>
- <hr> <!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
- <p>
- <b>There is a straight one-to-one correspondence between ZhuYin (BoPoMoFo)
- and PinYin (Chinese Romanization)</b>, with the few exceptions listed
- at the end of the next table. Despite the usually emotionally
- charged arguments (usually by those who do not bother to take the
- time to understand the differences across the Taiwan Strait), it
- is just a matter of choice of symbols to represent the many
- sounds in Chinese. In the following table, BoPoMoFo are coded in
- Big5 (because BoPoMoFo is not used in mainland China; thus, the
- corresponding GB coding does not contain these symbols). The
- table below lists the 37 BoPoMoFo phonetic symbols, along with
- the corresponding romanized equivalents. The first half are the
- consonants and the second half are the vowels. Note that 8, 9,
- and : can be both, and the corresponding PinYin are different.
- <p><center><table border=1>
- <tr><th colspan=4 align="center">Consonants
- <tr><td>� b<td>� p<td>� m<td>� f
- <tr><td>� d<td>� t<td>� n<td>� l
- <tr><td>� g<td>� k<td colspan=2>� h
- <tr><td>! j<td>" q<td colspan=2># x
- <tr><td>¥ zh<td>% ch<td>& sh<td>' r
- <tr><td>( z<td>) c<td colspan=2>* s
- <tr><td>8 y<td>9 w<td colspan=2>: yu
- <tr><th colspan=4 align="center">Vowels
- <tr><td>8 i<td>9 u<td colspan=2>: u, u:
- <tr><td>+ a<td>, o<td>- e<td>. e, e^
- <tr><td>/ ai<td>0 ei<td>1 au<td>2 ou
- <tr><td>3 an<td>4 en<td>5 ang<td>6 eng
- <tr><td colspan=4>7 er, r
- </table></center>
- <p>
- Exceptions for some vowels (but not consonants):
- <ul>
- <li>i and ou (82) combine to iu (e.g., 啡 liu)
- <li>i and en (84) combine to in (e.g., 狶 lin)
- <li>i and eng (86) combine to ing (e.g., � ling)
- <li>u and ei (90) combine to ui (e.g., 瘤 sui)
- <li>u and en (94) combine to un (e.g., 甝 sun)
- <li>u and eng (96) combine to ong (e.g., 猀 song)
- <li>u and en (:4) combine to un (e.g., � jun)
- <li>u and eng (:6) combine to iong (e.g., ノ yong or た xiong)
- <li>er (7) at the end of a character becomes just r.
- <li>Note that "u" stands for both wu (9) and yu (:), usually without any
- confusion. Exceptions are in combination with consonants "l" and "n"
- where a distinction needs to be made (隔 lu and 厚 lu:) (ィ nu and � nu:)
- (In some pinyin input methods, we spell lu: and nu: instead with accent characters
- lü and nü or with non-accent characters lyu and nyu.)
- <li>Note that "e" stands for both - and ., usually without any confusion.
- The only exception is when . is used alone as in 銶; in that case spell e^.
- </ul>
- One more exception to the rule for ZhuYin symbols that can stand alone:
- <ul>
- <li>In ZhuYin, 8, 9, and : can stand alone.
- In PinYin, combine the consonant and vowel, i.e.,
- yi, wu, and yu, respectively.
- <li>In ZhuYin, ¥, %, &, ', (, ), and * can stand alone. In PinYin,
- append "i" i.e., zhi, chi, shi, ri, zi, ci, and si, respectively.
- </ul>
- The above are <b>all</b> the rules and exceptions to the rules. Period.
- Lastly, we indicate the tone by appending 1, 2, 3, 4, or 0
- (e.g., wang2 nan2 xin1, which is my name).
- <p>
- The following table contains a complete set of all valid sounds
- in Mandarin, and BoPoMoFo, pinyin, etc. are the different ways
- of expressing the various sounds. The Big5 and GB characters in
- the table are only representative characters with that
- pronunciation. Many Chinese characters share an identical
- pronunciation. Conversely, there are sometimes multiple
- pronunciations for the same character. Note that many
- combinations of the consonants and vowels (e.g., "bui") are
- missing in Mandarin Chinese, unless you speak with a very strange
- accent or unless you are imitating the sounds of animals. One
- single font will not display the next table correctly; you need
- to switch fonts to view this page in Big5 (present setting), <a
- href="pinyingb.htm">GB</a>, and <a href="pinyinhz.htm">HZ</a>
- codes (which
- you accomplish, for example, in Internet Explorer through the menu |View|Encoding|.
- <p>
- <table border=1>
- <tr><th>Big5</th><th>GB</th><th>HZ</th><th>ZhuYin</th><th>PinYin</th><th>Wade</th><th>Yale</th></tr>
- <tr><td>摆</td><td>啊</td><td>_ </td><td>+ </td><td>A </td><td>A </td><td>A </td></tr>
- <tr><td>玸</td><td>哀</td><td>~{0'~}</td><td>/ </td><td>Ai </td><td>Ai </td><td>Ai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>安</td><td>~{02~}</td><td>3 </td><td>An </td><td>An </td><td>An </td></tr>
- <tr><td>魂</td><td>肮</td><td>~{09~}</td><td>5 </td><td>Ang </td><td>Ang </td><td>Ang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>减</td><td>熬</td><td>_ </td><td>1 </td><td>Ao </td><td>Ao </td><td>Ao </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>八</td><td>~{0K~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Ba </td><td>Pa </td><td>Ba </td></tr>
- <tr><td>フ</td><td>白</td><td>~{0W~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Bai </td><td>Pai </td><td>Bai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ф</td><td>扳</td><td>~{0b~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Ban </td><td>Pan </td><td>Ban </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ü</td><td>邦</td><td>~{0n~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Bang </td><td>Pang </td><td>Bang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>包</td><td>~{0|~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Bao </td><td>Pao </td><td>Bau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>卑</td><td>~{10~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Bei </td><td>Pei </td><td>Bei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>゜</td><td>奔</td><td>~{1<~}</td><td>�4 </td><td>Ben </td><td>Pen </td><td>Ben </td></tr>
- <tr><td>盰</td><td>崩</td><td>~{1@~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Beng </td><td>Peng </td><td>Beng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>笹</td><td>逼</td><td>~{1F~}</td><td>�8 </td><td>Bi </td><td>Pi </td><td>Bi </td></tr>
- <tr><td>絪</td><td>编</td><td>~{1`~}</td><td>�83</td><td>Bian </td><td>Pien </td><td>Byan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>矯</td><td>彪</td><td>~{1k~}</td><td>�81</td><td>Biao </td><td>Piao </td><td>Byau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>啪</td><td>鳖</td><td>~{1n~}</td><td>�8.</td><td>Bie </td><td>Pieh </td><td>Bye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>眑</td><td>彬</td><td>~{1r~}</td><td>�84</td><td>Bin </td><td>Pin </td><td>Bin </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>冰</td><td>~{1y~}</td><td>�86</td><td>Bing </td><td>Ping </td><td>Bing </td></tr>
- <tr><td>猧</td><td>波</td><td>~{2(~}</td><td>�, </td><td>Bo </td><td>Po </td><td>Bwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ぃ</td><td>不</td><td>~{2;~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Bu </td><td>Pu </td><td>Bu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>揽</td><td>擦</td><td>~{2A~}</td><td>)+ </td><td>Ca </td><td>Ts'a </td><td>Tsa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>瞦</td><td>猜</td><td>~{2B~}</td><td>)/ </td><td>Cai </td><td>Ts'ai </td><td>Tsai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>把</td><td>参</td><td>~{2N~}</td><td>)3 </td><td>Can </td><td>Ts'an </td><td>Tsan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>仓</td><td>~{2V~}</td><td>)5 </td><td>Cang </td><td>Ts'ang </td><td>Tsang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>巨</td><td>操</td><td>~{2Y~}</td><td>)1 </td><td>Cao </td><td>Ts'ao </td><td>Tsau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>册</td><td>~{2a~}</td><td>)- </td><td>Ce </td><td>Ts'e </td><td>Tse </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>岑</td><td>~{a/~}</td><td>)4 </td><td>Cen </td><td>Ts'en </td><td>Tsen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>纯</td><td>曾</td><td>~{Tx~}</td><td>)6 </td><td>Ceng </td><td>Ts'eng </td><td>Tseng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>叉</td><td>~{2f~}</td><td>%+ </td><td>Cha </td><td>Ch'a </td><td>Cha </td></tr>
- <tr><td>╊</td><td>拆</td><td>~{2p~}</td><td>%/ </td><td>Chai </td><td>Ch'ai </td><td>Chai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>篣</td><td>掺</td><td>~{2t~}</td><td>%3 </td><td>Chan </td><td>Ch'an </td><td>Chan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>昌</td><td>~{2}~}</td><td>%5 </td><td>Chang </td><td>Ch'ang </td><td>Chang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>吵</td><td>~{33~}</td><td>%1 </td><td>Chao </td><td>Ch'ao </td><td>Chau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ó</td><td>车</td><td>~{35~}</td><td>%- </td><td>Che </td><td>Ch'e </td><td>Che </td></tr>
- <tr><td>礰</td><td>琛</td><td>~{h!~}</td><td>%4 </td><td>Chen </td><td>Ch'en </td><td>Chen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>嘿</td><td>称</td><td>~{3F~}</td><td>%6 </td><td>Cheng </td><td>Ch'eng </td><td>Cheng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>吃</td><td>~{3T~}</td><td>% </td><td>Chi </td><td>Ch'ih </td><td>Chr </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>充</td><td>~{3d~}</td><td>%96</td><td>Chong </td><td>Ch'ung </td><td>Chung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>┾</td><td>抽</td><td>~{3i~}</td><td>%2 </td><td>Chou </td><td>Ch'ou </td><td>Chou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>出</td><td>~{3v~}</td><td>%9 </td><td>Chu </td><td>Ch'u </td><td>Chu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>储</td><td>揣</td><td>~{4'~}</td><td>%9/</td><td>Chuai </td><td>Ch'uai </td><td>Chwai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>川</td><td>~{4(~}</td><td>%93</td><td>Chuan </td><td>Ch'uan </td><td>Chwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>承</td><td>创</td><td>~{44~}</td><td>%95</td><td>Chuang</td><td>Ch'uang</td><td>Chwang</td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>吹</td><td>~{45~}</td><td>%90</td><td>Chui </td><td>Ch'ui </td><td>Chwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>琄</td><td>春</td><td>~{4:~}</td><td>%94</td><td>Chun </td><td>Ch'un </td><td>Chwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>猴</td><td>绰</td><td>~{4B~}</td><td>%9,</td><td>Chuo </td><td>Ch'o </td><td>Chwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>搏</td><td>疵</td><td>~{4C~}</td><td>) </td><td>Ci </td><td>Tz'u </td><td>Tsz </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>匆</td><td>~{4R~}</td><td>)96</td><td>Cong </td><td>Ts'ung </td><td>Tsung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>彩</td><td>粗</td><td>~{4V~}</td><td>)9 </td><td>Cu </td><td>Ts'u </td><td>Tsu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>芦</td><td>窜</td><td>~{4\~}</td><td>)93</td><td>Cuan </td><td>Ts'uan </td><td>Tswan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>盳</td><td>崔</td><td>~{4^~}</td><td>)90</td><td>Cui </td><td>Ts'ui </td><td>Tswei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>村</td><td>~{4e~}</td><td>)94</td><td>Cun </td><td>Ts'un </td><td>Tswun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>技</td><td>撮</td><td>~{4i~}</td><td>)9,</td><td>Cuo </td><td>Ts'o </td><td>Tswo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>氮</td><td>答</td><td>~{4p~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Da </td><td>Ta </td><td>Da </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>呆</td><td>~{4t~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Dai </td><td>Tai </td><td>Dai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>う</td><td>丹</td><td>~{5$~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Dan </td><td>Tan </td><td>Dan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>讽</td><td>当</td><td>~{51~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Dang </td><td>Tang </td><td>Dang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>刀</td><td>~{56~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Dao </td><td>Tao </td><td>Dau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>眔</td><td>得</td><td>~{5C~}</td><td>�- </td><td>De </td><td>Te </td><td>De </td></tr>
- <tr><td>眔</td><td>得</td><td>~{5C~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Dei </td><td>Tei </td><td>Dei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>祅</td><td>登</td><td>~{5G~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Deng </td><td>Teng </td><td>Deng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>低</td><td>~{5M~}</td><td>�8 </td><td>Di </td><td>Ti </td><td>Di </td></tr>
- <tr><td>房</td><td>滇</td><td>~{5a~}</td><td>�83</td><td>Dian </td><td>Tien </td><td>Dyan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>刁</td><td>~{5s~}</td><td>�81</td><td>Diao </td><td>Tiao </td><td>Dyau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>疪</td><td>爹</td><td>~{5y~}</td><td>�8.</td><td>Die </td><td>Tieh </td><td>Dye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>丁</td><td>~{6!~}</td><td>�86</td><td>Ding </td><td>Ting </td><td>Ding </td></tr>
- <tr><td>メ</td><td>丢</td><td>~{6*~}</td><td>�82</td><td>Diu </td><td>Tiu </td><td>Dyou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>冬</td><td>~{6,~}</td><td>�96</td><td>Dong </td><td>Tung </td><td>Dung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>奥</td><td>兜</td><td>~{65~}</td><td>�2 </td><td>Dou </td><td>Tou </td><td>Dou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>服</td><td>督</td><td>~{6=~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Du </td><td>Tu </td><td>Du </td></tr>
- <tr><td>狠</td><td>端</td><td>~{6K~}</td><td>�93</td><td>Duan </td><td>Tuan </td><td>Dwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>帮</td><td>堆</td><td>~{6Q~}</td><td>�90</td><td>Dui </td><td>Tui </td><td>Dwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>窗</td><td>敦</td><td>~{6X~}</td><td>�94</td><td>Dun </td><td>Tun </td><td>Dwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>多</td><td>~{6`~}</td><td>�9,</td><td>Duo </td><td>To </td><td>Dwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>銶</td><td>诶</td><td>_ </td><td>. </td><td>E </td><td>E </td><td>E </td></tr>
- <tr><td>甖</td><td>娥</td><td>~{6p~}</td><td>- </td><td>E </td><td>E </td><td>E </td></tr>
- <tr><td>銶</td><td>诶</td><td>_ </td><td>0 </td><td>Ei </td><td>Ei </td><td>Ei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>恩</td><td>~{6w~}</td><td>4 </td><td>En </td><td>En </td><td>En </td></tr>
- <tr><td>瘼</td><td>ㄥ</td><td>_ </td><td>6 </td><td>Eng </td><td>Eng </td><td>Eng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ㄠ</td><td>儿</td><td>~{6y~}</td><td>7 </td><td>Er </td><td>Erh </td><td>Er </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ワ</td><td>伐</td><td>~{7%~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Fa </td><td>Fa </td><td>Fa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>は</td><td>反</td><td>~{74~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Fan </td><td>Fan </td><td>Fan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>よ</td><td>方</td><td>~{7=~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Fang </td><td>Fang </td><td>Fang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>妃</td><td>~{ez~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Fei </td><td>Fei </td><td>Fei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>だ</td><td>分</td><td>~{7V~}</td><td>�4 </td><td>Fen </td><td>Fen </td><td>Fen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ぅ</td><td>丰</td><td>~{7a~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Feng </td><td>Feng </td><td>Feng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>︱</td><td>佛</td><td>~{7p~}</td><td>�, </td><td>Fo </td><td>Fo </td><td>Fwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>疊</td><td>浮</td><td>~{8!~}</td><td>�2 </td><td>Fou </td><td>Fou </td><td>Fou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>げ</td><td>仆</td><td>~{FM~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Fu </td><td>Fu </td><td>Fu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Ъ</td><td>尬</td><td>~{^N~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Ga </td><td>Ka </td><td>Ga </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>垓</td><td>~{[r~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Gai </td><td>Kai </td><td>Gai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>干</td><td>~{8I~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Gan </td><td>Kan </td><td>Gan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ぎ</td><td>亢</td><td>~{?:~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Gang </td><td>Kang </td><td>Gang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>蔼</td><td>高</td><td>~{8_~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Gao </td><td>Kao </td><td>Gau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>む</td><td>戈</td><td>~{8j~}</td><td>�- </td><td>Ge </td><td>Ke </td><td>Ge </td></tr>
- <tr><td>倒</td><td>给</td><td>~{8x~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Gei </td><td>Kei </td><td>Gei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>根</td><td>~{8y~}</td><td>�4 </td><td>Gen </td><td>Ken </td><td>Gen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>耕</td><td>~{8{~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Geng </td><td>Keng </td><td>Geng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>工</td><td>~{9$~}</td><td>�96</td><td>Gong </td><td>Kung </td><td>Gung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>つ</td><td>勾</td><td>~{94~}</td><td>�2 </td><td>Gou </td><td>Kou </td><td>Gou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>︳</td><td>估</td><td>~{9@~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Gu </td><td>Ku </td><td>Gu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ナ</td><td>瓜</td><td>~{9O~}</td><td>�9+</td><td>Gua </td><td>Kua </td><td>Gwa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>乖</td><td>~{9T~}</td><td>�9/</td><td>Guai </td><td>Kuai </td><td>Gwai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>﹛</td><td>官</td><td>~{9Y~}</td><td>�93</td><td>Guan </td><td>Kuan </td><td>Gwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>光</td><td>~{9b~}</td><td>�95</td><td>Guang </td><td>Kuang </td><td>Gwang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>圭</td><td>~{9g~}</td><td>�90</td><td>Gui </td><td>Kuei </td><td>Gwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>簎</td><td>滚</td><td>~{9v~}</td><td>�94</td><td>Gun </td><td>Kun </td><td>Gwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>尝</td><td>郭</td><td>~{9y~}</td><td>�9,</td><td>Guo </td><td>Kuo </td><td>Gwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>哈</td><td>~{9~~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Ha </td><td>Ha </td><td>Ha </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>孩</td><td>~{:"~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Hai </td><td>Hai </td><td>Hai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>秓</td><td>酣</td><td>~{:(~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Han </td><td>Han </td><td>Han </td></tr>
- <tr><td>蓂</td><td>夯</td><td>~{:;~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Hang </td><td>Hang </td><td>Hang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>愧</td><td>壕</td><td>~{:>~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Hao </td><td>Hao </td><td>Hau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>呵</td><td>~{:G~}</td><td>�- </td><td>He </td><td>He </td><td>He </td></tr>
- <tr><td>堵</td><td>黑</td><td>~{:Z~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Hei </td><td>Hei </td><td>Hei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>勃</td><td>痕</td><td>~{:[~}</td><td>�4 </td><td>Hen </td><td>Hen </td><td>Hen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>﹄</td><td>亨</td><td>~{:`~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Heng </td><td>Heng </td><td>Heng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>哄</td><td>~{:e~}</td><td>�96</td><td>Hong </td><td>Hung </td><td>Hung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>獼</td><td>侯</td><td>~{:n~}</td><td>�2 </td><td>Hou </td><td>Hou </td><td>Hou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>乎</td><td>~{:u~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Hu </td><td>Hu </td><td>Hu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>て</td><td>化</td><td>~{;/~}</td><td>�9+</td><td>Hua </td><td>Hua </td><td>Hwa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>徊</td><td>~{;2~}</td><td>�9/</td><td>Huai </td><td>Huai </td><td>Hwai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>舧</td><td>欢</td><td>~{;6~}</td><td>�93</td><td>Huan </td><td>Huan </td><td>Hwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>╳</td><td>肓</td><td>~{kA~}</td><td>�95</td><td>Huang </td><td>Huang </td><td>Hwang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>η</td><td>灰</td><td>~{;R~}</td><td>�90</td><td>Hui </td><td>Hui </td><td>Hwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>昏</td><td>~{;h~}</td><td>�94</td><td>Hun </td><td>Hun </td><td>Hwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>僚</td><td>豁</td><td>~{;m~}</td><td>�9,</td><td>Huo </td><td>Huo </td><td>Hwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>几</td><td>~{<8~}</td><td>!8 </td><td>Ji </td><td>Chi </td><td>Ji </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>加</td><td>~{<S~}</td><td>!8+</td><td>Jia </td><td>Chia </td><td>Jya </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>奸</td><td>~{<i~}</td><td>!83</td><td>Jian </td><td>Chien </td><td>Jyan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>江</td><td>~{=-~}</td><td>!85</td><td>Jiang </td><td>Chiang </td><td>Jyang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ユ</td><td>交</td><td>~{=;~}</td><td>!81</td><td>Jiao </td><td>Chiao </td><td>Jyau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>皆</td><td>~{=T~}</td><td>!8.</td><td>Jie </td><td>Chieh </td><td>Jye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>巾</td><td>~{=m~}</td><td>!84</td><td>Jin </td><td>Chin </td><td>Jin </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ㄊ</td><td>京</td><td>~{>)~}</td><td>!86</td><td>Jing </td><td>Ching </td><td>Jing </td></tr>
- <tr><td>祣</td><td>窘</td><td>~{>=~}</td><td>!:6</td><td>Jiong </td><td>Chiung </td><td>Jyung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>九</td><td>~{>E~}</td><td>!82</td><td>Jiu </td><td>Chiu </td><td>Jyou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>﹡</td><td>居</td><td>~{>S~}</td><td>!: </td><td>Ju </td><td>Chu: </td><td>Jyu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>甋</td><td>娟</td><td>~{>j~}</td><td>!:3</td><td>Juan </td><td>Chuan: </td><td>Jywan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>孓</td><td>~{f^~}</td><td>!:.</td><td>Jue </td><td>Chueh: </td><td>Jywe </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>君</td><td>~{>}~}</td><td>!:4</td><td>Jun </td><td>Chun: </td><td>Jyun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>卡</td><td>~{?(~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Ka </td><td>K'a </td><td>Ka </td></tr>
- <tr><td>秨</td><td>开</td><td>~{?*~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Kai </td><td>K'ai </td><td>Kai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>刊</td><td>~{?/~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Kan </td><td>K'an </td><td>Kan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>眃</td><td>康</td><td>~{?5~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Kang </td><td>K'ang </td><td>Kang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>σ</td><td>考</td><td>~{?<~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Kao </td><td>K'ao </td><td>Kau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ㄨ</td><td>刻</td><td>~{?L~}</td><td>�- </td><td>Ke </td><td>K'e </td><td>Ke </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>肯</td><td>~{?O~}</td><td>�4 </td><td>Ken </td><td>K'en </td><td>Ken </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>坑</td><td>~{?S~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Keng </td><td>K'eng </td><td>Keng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>空</td><td>~{?U~}</td><td>�96</td><td>Kong </td><td>K'ung </td><td>Kung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>口</td><td>~{?Z~}</td><td>�2 </td><td>Kou </td><td>K'ou </td><td>Kou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>琝</td><td>枯</td><td>~{?]~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Ku </td><td>K'u </td><td>Ku </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>夸</td><td>~{?d~}</td><td>�9+</td><td>Kua </td><td>K'ua </td><td>Kwa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>е</td><td>快</td><td>~{?l~}</td><td>�9/</td><td>Kuai </td><td>K'uai </td><td>Kwai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>糴</td><td>宽</td><td>~{?m~}</td><td>�93</td><td>Kuan </td><td>K'uan </td><td>Kwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>匡</td><td>~{?o~}</td><td>�95</td><td>Kuang </td><td>K'uang </td><td>Kwang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>帛</td><td>盔</td><td>~{?x~}</td><td>�90</td><td>Kui </td><td>K'uei </td><td>Kwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>坤</td><td>~{@$~}</td><td>�94</td><td>Kun </td><td>K'un </td><td>Kwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>珹</td><td>括</td><td>~{@(~}</td><td>�9,</td><td>Kuo </td><td>K'uo </td><td>Kwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>┰</td><td>拉</td><td>~{@-~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>La </td><td>La </td><td>La </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ㄓ</td><td>来</td><td>~{@4~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Lai </td><td>Lai </td><td>Lai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>褒</td><td>婪</td><td>~{@7~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Lan </td><td>Lan </td><td>Lan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>郎</td><td>~{@I~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Lang </td><td>Lang </td><td>Lang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>即</td><td>捞</td><td>~{@L~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Lao </td><td>Lao </td><td>Lau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>扒</td><td>勒</td><td>~{@U~}</td><td>�- </td><td>Le </td><td>Le </td><td>Le </td></tr>
- <tr><td>瞈</td><td>泪</td><td>~{@a~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Lei </td><td>Lei </td><td>Lei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>磆</td><td>愣</td><td>~{c6~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Leng </td><td>Leng </td><td>Leng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>哩</td><td>~{A(~}</td><td>�8 </td><td>Li </td><td>Li </td><td>Li </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>俩</td><td>~{A)~}</td><td>�8+</td><td>Lia </td><td>Lia </td><td>Lya </td></tr>
- <tr><td>硈</td><td>连</td><td>~{A,~}</td><td>�83</td><td>Lian </td><td>Lien </td><td>Lyan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>▆</td><td>良</td><td>~{A<~}</td><td>�85</td><td>Liang </td><td>Liang </td><td>Lyang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>己</td><td>撩</td><td>~{AC~}</td><td>�81</td><td>Liao </td><td>Liao </td><td>Lyau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>咧</td><td>~{_V~}</td><td>�8.</td><td>Lie </td><td>Lieh </td><td>Lye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>狶</td><td>林</td><td>~{AV~}</td><td>�84</td><td>Lin </td><td>Lin </td><td>Lin </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>令</td><td>~{An~}</td><td>�86</td><td>Ling </td><td>Ling </td><td>Ling </td></tr>
- <tr><td>啡</td><td>溜</td><td>~{Ao~}</td><td>�82</td><td>Liu </td><td>Liu </td><td>Lyou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>订</td><td>隆</td><td>~{B!~}</td><td>�96</td><td>Long </td><td>Lung </td><td>Lung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>篛</td><td>搂</td><td>~{B'~}</td><td>�2 </td><td>Lou </td><td>Lou </td><td>Lou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>縞</td><td>卢</td><td>~{B,~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Lu </td><td>Lu </td><td>Lu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>舝</td><td>峦</td><td>~{BM~}</td><td>�93</td><td>Luan </td><td>Luan </td><td>Lwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>卑</td><td>掠</td><td>~{BS~}</td><td>�:.</td><td>Lue: </td><td>Lueh: </td><td>Lywe </td></tr>
- <tr><td>绷</td><td>抡</td><td>~{BU~}</td><td>�94</td><td>Lun </td><td>Lun </td><td>Lwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>舘</td><td>罗</td><td>~{B^~}</td><td>�9,</td><td>Luo </td><td>Luo </td><td>Lwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>洱</td><td>妈</td><td>~{Bh~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Ma </td><td>Ma </td><td>Ma </td></tr>
- <tr><td>甀</td><td>埋</td><td>~{Bq~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Mai </td><td>Mai </td><td>Mai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>鮋</td><td>颟</td><td>~{r)~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Man </td><td>Man </td><td>Man </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Γ</td><td>忙</td><td>~{C&~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Mang </td><td>Mang </td><td>Mang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>窟</td><td>猫</td><td>~{C(~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Mao </td><td>Mao </td><td>Mau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>⊿</td><td>没</td><td>~{C;~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Mei </td><td>Mei </td><td>Mei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>磂</td><td>闷</td><td>~{CF~}</td><td>�4 </td><td>Men </td><td>Men </td><td>Men </td></tr>
- <tr><td>茅</td><td>蒙</td><td>~{CI~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Meng </td><td>Meng </td><td>Meng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>珆</td><td>咪</td><td>~{_d~}</td><td>�8 </td><td>Mi </td><td>Mi </td><td>Mi </td></tr>
- <tr><td>痸</td><td>眠</td><td>~{C_~}</td><td>�83</td><td>Mian </td><td>Mien </td><td>Myan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>豴</td><td>喵</td><td>~{_w~}</td><td>�81</td><td>Miao </td><td>Miao </td><td>Myau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>芈</td><td>~{XB~}</td><td>�8.</td><td>Mie </td><td>Mieh </td><td>Mye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>チ</td><td>民</td><td>~{Cq~}</td><td>�84</td><td>Min </td><td>Min </td><td>Min </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>名</td><td>~{C{~}</td><td>�86</td><td>Ming </td><td>Ming </td><td>Ming </td></tr>
- <tr><td>抡</td><td>谬</td><td>~{C}~}</td><td>�82</td><td>Miu </td><td>Miu </td><td>Myou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>篘</td><td>摸</td><td>~{C~~}</td><td>�, </td><td>Mo </td><td>Mo </td><td>Mwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>θ</td><td>牟</td><td>~{D2~}</td><td>�2 </td><td>Mou </td><td>Mou </td><td>Mou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>れ</td><td>木</td><td>~{D>~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Mu </td><td>Mu </td><td>Mu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ê</td><td>那</td><td>~{DG~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Na </td><td>Na </td><td>Na </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>乃</td><td>~{DK~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Nai </td><td>Nai </td><td>Nai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>╧</td><td>男</td><td>~{DP~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Nan </td><td>Nan </td><td>Nan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>舗</td><td>囊</td><td>~{DR~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Nang </td><td>Nang </td><td>Nang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>磑</td><td>恼</td><td>~{DU~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Nao </td><td>Nao </td><td>Nau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ず</td><td>内</td><td>~{DZ~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Nei </td><td>Nei </td><td>Nei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>能</td><td>~{D\~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Neng </td><td>Neng </td><td>Neng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ェ</td><td>尼</td><td>~{Da~}</td><td>�8 </td><td>Ni </td><td>Ni </td><td>Ni </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>年</td><td>~{Dj~}</td><td>�83</td><td>Nian </td><td>Nien </td><td>Nyan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>甉</td><td>娘</td><td>~{Do~}</td><td>�85</td><td>Niang </td><td>Niang </td><td>Nyang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>尘</td><td>鸟</td><td>~{Dq~}</td><td>�81</td><td>Niao </td><td>Niao </td><td>Nyau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>捏</td><td>~{Ds~}</td><td>�8.</td><td>Nie </td><td>Nieh </td><td>Nye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>眤</td><td>您</td><td>~{Dz~}</td><td>�84</td><td>Nin </td><td>Nin </td><td>Nin </td></tr>
- <tr><td>圭</td><td>宁</td><td>~{D~~}</td><td>�86</td><td>Ning </td><td>Ning </td><td>Ning </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>牛</td><td>~{E#~}</td><td>�82</td><td>Niu </td><td>Niu </td><td>Nyou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>笰</td><td>农</td><td>~{E)~}</td><td>�96</td><td>Nong </td><td>Nung </td><td>Nung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>慨</td><td>耨</td><td>~{qq~}</td><td>�92</td><td>Nou </td><td>Nou </td><td>Nou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ィ</td><td>奴</td><td>~{E+~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Nu </td><td>Nu </td><td>Nu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>女</td><td>~{E.~}</td><td>�: </td><td>Nu: </td><td>Nu: </td><td>Nyu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>穢</td><td>暖</td><td>~{E/~}</td><td>�93</td><td>Nuan </td><td>Nuan </td><td>Nwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>環</td><td>虐</td><td>~{E0~}</td><td>�:.</td><td>Nue: </td><td>Nueh: </td><td>Nywe </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>挪</td><td>~{E2~}</td><td>�9,</td><td>Nuo </td><td>No </td><td>Nwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>案</td><td>偶</td><td>~{E<~}</td><td>2 </td><td>Ou </td><td>Ou </td><td>Ou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>芭</td><td>~{0E~}</td><td>�+ </td><td>Pa </td><td>P'a </td><td>Pa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>╃</td><td>拍</td><td>~{ED~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Pai </td><td>P'ai </td><td>Pai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>硷</td><td>潘</td><td>~{EK~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Pan </td><td>P'an </td><td>Pan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ャ</td><td>乓</td><td>~{ER~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Pang </td><td>P'ang </td><td>Pang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>┻</td><td>抛</td><td>~{EW~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Pao </td><td>P'ao </td><td>Pau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Д</td><td>坏</td><td>~{;5~}</td><td>�0 </td><td>Pei </td><td>P'ei </td><td>Pei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>糛</td><td>喷</td><td>~{Eg~}</td><td>�4 </td><td>Pen </td><td>P'en </td><td>Pen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>狟</td><td>朋</td><td>~{Es~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Peng </td><td>P'eng </td><td>Peng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>で</td><td>匹</td><td>~{F%~}</td><td>�8 </td><td>Pi </td><td>P'i </td><td>Pi </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>片</td><td>~{F,~}</td><td>�83</td><td>Pian </td><td>P'ien </td><td>Pyan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>布</td><td>票</td><td>~{F1~}</td><td>�81</td><td>Piao </td><td>P'iao </td><td>Pyau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>篔</td><td>撇</td><td>~{F2~}</td><td>�8.</td><td>Pie </td><td>P'ieh </td><td>Pye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>╅</td><td>拚</td><td>~{^U~}</td><td>�84</td><td>Pin </td><td>P'in </td><td>Pin </td></tr>
- <tr><td>モ</td><td>乒</td><td>~{F9~}</td><td>�86</td><td>Ping </td><td>P'ing </td><td>Ping </td></tr>
- <tr><td>℡</td><td>坡</td><td>~{FB~}</td><td>�, </td><td>Po </td><td>P'o </td><td>Pwo </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>げ</td><td>仆</td><td>~{FM~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Pu </td><td>P'u </td><td>Pu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>七</td><td>~{F_~}</td><td>"8 </td><td>Qi </td><td>Ch'i </td><td>Chi </td></tr>
- <tr><td>誸</td><td>掐</td><td>~{F~~}</td><td>"8+</td><td>Qia </td><td>Ch'ia </td><td>Chya </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>千</td><td>~{G'~}</td><td>"83</td><td>Qian </td><td>Ch'ien </td><td>Chyan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>羌</td><td>~{G<~}</td><td>"85</td><td>Qiang </td><td>Ch'iang</td><td>Chyang</td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>悄</td><td>~{GD~}</td><td>"81</td><td>Qiao </td><td>Ch'iao </td><td>Chyau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ち</td><td>切</td><td>~{GP~}</td><td>"8.</td><td>Qie </td><td>Ch'ieh </td><td>Chye </td></tr>
- <tr><td>獻</td><td>侵</td><td>~{GV~}</td><td>"84</td><td>Qin </td><td>Ch'in </td><td>Chin </td></tr>
- <tr><td>獵</td><td>青</td><td>~{G`~}</td><td>"86</td><td>Qing </td><td>Ch'ing </td><td>Ching </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>穹</td><td>~{q7~}</td><td>":6</td><td>Qiong </td><td>Ch'iung</td><td>Chyung</td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>丘</td><td>~{Gp~}</td><td>"82</td><td>Qiu </td><td>Ch'iu </td><td>Chyou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Ρ</td><td>曲</td><td>~{Gz~}</td><td>": </td><td>Qu </td><td>Ch'u: </td><td>Chyu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>伴</td><td>圈</td><td>~{H&~}</td><td>":3</td><td>Quan </td><td>Ch'uan:</td><td>Chywan</td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>缺</td><td>~{H1~}</td><td>":.</td><td>Que </td><td>Ch'ueh:</td><td>Chywe </td></tr>
- <tr><td>竤</td><td>群</td><td>~{H:~}</td><td>":4</td><td>Qun </td><td>Ch'un: </td><td>Chyun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>礛</td><td>然</td><td>~{H;~}</td><td>'3 </td><td>Ran </td><td>Jan </td><td>Ran </td></tr>
- <tr><td>腤</td><td>嚷</td><td>~{HB~}</td><td>'5 </td><td>Rang </td><td>Jang </td><td>Rang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>糲</td><td>娆</td><td>~{f,~}</td><td>'1 </td><td>Rao </td><td>Jao </td><td>Rau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>荐</td><td>热</td><td>~{HH~}</td><td>'- </td><td>Re </td><td>Je </td><td>Re </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>人</td><td>~{HK~}</td><td>'4 </td><td>Ren </td><td>Jen </td><td>Ren </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>ら</td><td>日</td><td>~{HU~}</td><td>' </td><td>Ri </td><td>Jih </td><td>R </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Ε</td><td>戎</td><td>~{HV~}</td><td>'96</td><td>Rong </td><td>Jung </td><td>Rung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>琗</td><td>柔</td><td>~{Ha~}</td><td>'2 </td><td>Rou </td><td>Jou </td><td>Rou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>如</td><td>~{Hg~}</td><td>'9 </td><td>Ru </td><td>Ju </td><td>Ru </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>风</td><td>瑞</td><td>~{Hp~}</td><td>'90</td><td>Rui </td><td>Jui </td><td>Rwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>秥</td><td>闰</td><td>~{Hr~}</td><td>'94</td><td>Run </td><td>Jun </td><td>Rwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>璝</td><td>若</td><td>~{Ht~}</td><td>'9,</td><td>Ruo </td><td>Jo </td><td>Rwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>な</td><td>卅</td><td>~{X&~}</td><td>*+ </td><td>Sa </td><td>Sa </td><td>Sa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>峨</td><td>塞</td><td>~{H{~}</td><td>*/ </td><td>Sai </td><td>Sai </td><td>Sai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>三</td><td>~{H}~}</td><td>*3 </td><td>San </td><td>San </td><td>San </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>桑</td><td>~{I#~}</td><td>*5 </td><td>Sang </td><td>Sang </td><td>Sang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>穔</td><td>搔</td><td>~{I&~}</td><td>*1 </td><td>Sao </td><td>Sao </td><td>Sau </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>此</td><td>森</td><td>~{I-~}</td><td>*4 </td><td>Sen </td><td>Sen </td><td>Sen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>宫</td><td>僧</td><td>~{I.~}</td><td>*6 </td><td>Seng </td><td>Seng </td><td>Seng </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>晒</td><td>~{I9~}</td><td>&/ </td><td>Shai </td><td>Shai </td><td>Shai </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>捎</td><td>~{IS~}</td><td>&1 </td><td>Shao </td><td>Shao </td><td>Shau </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>书</td><td>~{Ji~}</td><td>&9 </td><td>Shu </td><td>Shu </td><td>Shu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>刷</td><td>~{K"~}</td><td>&9+</td><td>Shua </td><td>Shua </td><td>Shwa </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>吮</td><td>~{K1~}</td><td>&94</td><td>Shun </td><td>Shun </td><td>Shwun </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>司</td><td>~{K>~}</td><td>* </td><td>Si </td><td>Ssu </td><td>Sz </td></tr>
- <tr><td>猀</td><td>忪</td><td>~{bl~}</td><td>*96</td><td>Song </td><td>Sung </td><td>Sung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>叟</td><td>~{[E~}</td><td>*2 </td><td>Sou </td><td>Sou </td><td>Sou </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>甝</td><td>孙</td><td>~{Ko~}</td><td>*94</td><td>Sun </td><td>Sun </td><td>Swun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>唆</td><td>~{Kt~}</td><td>*9,</td><td>Suo </td><td>So </td><td>Swo </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>台</td><td>~{L(~}</td><td>�/ </td><td>Tai </td><td>T'ai </td><td>Tai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>坍</td><td>~{L.~}</td><td>�3 </td><td>Tan </td><td>T'an </td><td>Tan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>傣</td><td>汤</td><td>~{L@~}</td><td>�5 </td><td>Tang </td><td>T'ang </td><td>Tang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>桃</td><td>~{LR~}</td><td>�1 </td><td>Tao </td><td>T'ao </td><td>Tau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>疭</td><td>特</td><td>~{LX~}</td><td>�- </td><td>Te </td><td>T'e </td><td>Te </td></tr>
- <tr><td>乃</td><td>腾</td><td>~{LZ~}</td><td>�6 </td><td>Teng </td><td>T'eng </td><td>Teng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>剔</td><td>~{L^~}</td><td>�8 </td><td>Ti </td><td>T'i </td><td>Ti </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ぱ</td><td>天</td><td>~{Ll~}</td><td>�83</td><td>Tian </td><td>T'ien </td><td>Tyan </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>╮</td><td>秃</td><td>~{M:~}</td><td>�9 </td><td>Tu </td><td>T'u </td><td>Tu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>刮</td><td>团</td><td>~{ME~}</td><td>�93</td><td>Tuan </td><td>T'uan </td><td>Twan </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>吞</td><td>~{ML~}</td><td>�94</td><td>Tun </td><td>T'un </td><td>Twun </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>琻</td><td>歪</td><td>~{Ma~}</td><td>9/ </td><td>Wai </td><td>Wai </td><td>Wai </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>亡</td><td>~{Mv~}</td><td>95 </td><td>Wang </td><td>Wang </td><td>Wang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>〆</td><td>委</td><td>~{N/~}</td><td>90 </td><td>Wei </td><td>Wei </td><td>Wei </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>翁</td><td>~{NL~}</td><td>96 </td><td>Weng </td><td>Weng </td><td>Weng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>倭</td><td>~{YA~}</td><td>9, </td><td>Wo </td><td>O </td><td>O </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>ぜ</td><td>兮</td><td>~{Yb~}</td><td>#8 </td><td>Xi </td><td>Hsi </td><td>Xyi </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>�</td><td>仙</td><td>~{OI~}</td><td>#83</td><td>Xian </td><td>Hsien </td><td>Syan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>相</td><td>~{O`~}</td><td>#85</td><td>Xiang </td><td>Hsiang </td><td>Syang </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>畗</td><td>徐</td><td>~{Pl~}</td><td>#: </td><td>Xu </td><td>Hsu: </td><td>Syu </td></tr>
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- <tr><td>纯</td><td>曾</td><td>~{Tx~}</td><td>(6 </td><td>Zeng </td><td>Tseng </td><td>Dzeng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ゃ</td><td>扎</td><td>~{Tz~}</td><td>¥+ </td><td>Zha </td><td>Cha </td><td>Ja </td></tr>
- <tr><td>篕</td><td>摘</td><td>~{U*~}</td><td>¥/ </td><td>Zhai </td><td>Chai </td><td>Jai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>占</td><td>~{U<~}</td><td>¥3 </td><td>Zhan </td><td>Chan </td><td>Jan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>眎</td><td>张</td><td>~{UE~}</td><td>¥5 </td><td>Zhang </td><td>Chang </td><td>Jang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>召</td><td>~{UY~}</td><td>¥1 </td><td>Zhao </td><td>Chao </td><td>Jau </td></tr>
- <tr><td>綛</td><td>遮</td><td>~{UZ~}</td><td>¥- </td><td>Zhe </td><td>Che </td><td>Je </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>珍</td><td>~{Ud~}</td><td>¥4 </td><td>Zhen </td><td>Chen </td><td>Jen </td></tr>
- <tr><td>タ</td><td>正</td><td>~{U}~}</td><td>¥6 </td><td>Zheng </td><td>Cheng </td><td>Jeng </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ぇ</td><td>之</td><td>~{V.~}</td><td>¥ </td><td>Zhi </td><td>Chih </td><td>Jr </td></tr>
- <tr><td>い</td><td>中</td><td>~{VP~}</td><td>¥96</td><td>Zhong </td><td>Chung </td><td>Jung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>州</td><td>~{V]~}</td><td>¥2 </td><td>Zhou </td><td>Chou </td><td>Jou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Χ</td><td>朱</td><td>~{Vl~}</td><td>¥9 </td><td>Zhu </td><td>Chu </td><td>Ju </td></tr>
- <tr><td>ъ</td><td>抓</td><td>~{W%~}</td><td>¥9+</td><td>Zhua </td><td>Chua </td><td>Jwa </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>拽</td><td>~{W'~}</td><td>¥9/</td><td>Zhuai </td><td>Chuai </td><td>Jwai </td></tr>
- <tr><td>盡</td><td>专</td><td>~{W(~}</td><td>¥93</td><td>Zhuan </td><td>Chuan </td><td>Jwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>З</td><td>妆</td><td>~{W1~}</td><td>¥95</td><td>Zhuang</td><td>Chuang </td><td>Jwang </td></tr>
- <tr><td>獳</td><td>隹</td><td>~{v?~}</td><td>¥90</td><td>Zhui </td><td>Chui </td><td>Jwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>准</td><td>~{W<~}</td><td>¥94</td><td>Zhun </td><td>Chun </td><td>Jwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>卓</td><td>~{W?~}</td><td>¥9,</td><td>Zhuo </td><td>Cho </td><td>Jwo </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>子</td><td>~{WS~}</td><td>( </td><td>Zi </td><td>Tzu </td><td>Dz </td></tr>
- <tr><td>﹙</td><td>宗</td><td>~{WZ~}</td><td>(96</td><td>Zong </td><td>Tsung </td><td>Dzung </td></tr>
- <tr><td>筈</td><td>邹</td><td>~{W^~}</td><td>(2 </td><td>Zou </td><td>Tsou </td><td>Dzou </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>租</td><td>~{Wb~}</td><td>(9 </td><td>Zu </td><td>Tsu </td><td>Dzu </td></tr>
- <tr><td>苝</td><td>钻</td><td>~{Wj~}</td><td>(93</td><td>Zuan </td><td>Tsuan </td><td>Dzwan </td></tr>
- <tr><td>糒</td><td>嘴</td><td>~{Wl~}</td><td>(90</td><td>Zui </td><td>Tsui </td><td>Dzwei </td></tr>
- <tr><td>碙</td><td>尊</td><td>~{Wp~}</td><td>(94</td><td>Zun </td><td>Tsun </td><td>Dzwun </td></tr>
- <tr><td>�</td><td>作</td><td>~{Ww~}</td><td>(9,</td><td>Zuo </td><td>Tso </td><td>Dzwo </td></tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- <h3>Additional Points</h3>
- <p>
- The above table deals with the phonetic symbols employed to
- represent the Chinese pronunciation of a character. This is
- analogous to the many different schemes used in English
- dictionaries to represent pronunciation (long vowels, short
- consonants, etc). As we can see from the above table, there are
- many methods (and many more are not listed above). The most
- common ones are pinyin (China) and BoPoMoFo (Taiwan). The
- purpose of this web page is to demonstrate the nearly one-to-one
- correspondence between these two methods. Personally, I prefer
- the pinyin method, because I already know my alphabets. Why
- waste time learning another set of phonetic symbols, especially
- when they are so nearly equivalent?
- <p>
- <b>Big5 vs. GB</b> Because of the political division of China,
- there are two major coding schemes: Big5 (mainly in Taiwan) and
- GB (mainly in mainland China). Do not confuse Big5/GB with the
- BoPoMoFo/pinyin phonetic representation. The coding scheme is
- simply a way to represent a character with a number, much like
- how we represent an alphabet with a number with the <a
- href="../ench250/ascii.htm">ASCII scheme</a>, e.g., 65 for the
- letter "A". Both coding schemes are based on 4 bytes ( 32 bits)
- per character. For example, the character of my last name is
- represented with different numerical values in different coding
- schemes: Big5, GB (and, for that matter, Japanese, or Korean).
- <p>
- <b>Big5|GB vs. Unicode|HZ</b> To make the matter worse, there
- exist many coding schemes other than just Big5 and GB. At one
- time, every Chinese software company seemed to advocate its own
- proprietary coding scheme. Another fairly common coding scheme,
- although not as popular as Big5 or GB, is HZ. Then there is
- Unicode, which is used to express characters/letters of not just
- Chinese Mandarin, but all sorts of languages, Asian and European
- alike; thus, the Unicode coding system contains Chinese
- characters along with many non-Chinsese characters.
- <p>
- <b>Traditional vs. Simplified Style</b>. A completely separate
- idea (not to be confused with phonetic representation or coding
- schemes) is the traditional style (which has more strokes for
- certain characters, favored in Taiwan) versus the simplified
- style (favored in China). The styles are analogous to different
- fonts in the US, much like how my wingdings font and my courier
- font display two different symbols for the same alphabet "A".
- <p>
- <b>Input Method</b>. Another yet completely different concept is
- the input method. Because the English-based keyboard is what we
- normally see in the US, we need to adopt that to Chinese. There
- are many input methods for picking out a specific Chinese character
- -- I am aware of at least 15 such methods. One of these is
- pinyin, where you simply type in the alphabet (which I think is
- the simplest because I am comfortable with typing English with a
- US keyboard). For example, I would type "w" "a" "n" "g"; about
- 15 characters pop up on my screen; and I pick out the character
- that corresponds to my last name. The BoPoMoFo method is similar
- in that each key maps into a phonetic symbol. There are many
- mappings for BoPoMoFo, one such mapping is <a
- href="bopomofo.gif">shown here</a>. There are sufficient number
- of keys on a US keyboard for each of the 37 BoPoMoFo phonetic
- symbols. Other input methods are based on pronunciation in other
- dialects (such as Cantonese, rather than Mandarin), radicals
- (bu4shou3), number of strokes, the type of strokes at four
- corners of the character (si4jiao3hao4ma3), the shape of the
- character (cang1jie2), ..., even English equivalent. For
- example, my last name translates to "king" in English; thus, when
- I employ the last input method, I type "king" on my US keyboard;
- a number of Chinese characters or phrases that correspond to
- "king" in meaning pop up on my screen; and I choose the correct
- one. As for me -- well, I hardly ever type in Chinese -- but
- when I do, I do most of my input with pinyin. Without exception,
- <i>everyone</i> I know who masters both BoPoMoFo and pinyin
- prefers pinyin, just like myself. I occasionally switch to other
- methods, when I, for example, do not know the pronunciation of
- the character that I am trying to type.
- <p>
- <b>Directionality</b>. Western languages are written in
- horizontal lines left-to-right. However, certain languages (such
- as Hebrew and Arabic) are written in horizontal lines
- right-to-left. Chinese languages (and those with a strong Chinese
- influence such as Japanese and Korean) are <i>traditionally</i>
- written in vertical lines (top-to-bottom) arranged right-to-left.
- However, this tradition is not commonly practiced today. China
- has long changed the directionality to be in line with the
- Western practice (i.e., horizontal lines left-to-right).
- However, many Taiwanese publications seem to follow no rules. It
- is typical to see top-to-bottom, right-to-left, and left-to-right
- conventions all coexist on the same page in a newspaper. This
- can cause serious confusions, especially when the phrases are
- sufficiently short such that both directions make perfect sense,
- but convey completely different meanings. For example, with my
- name read in an opposite direction, I become another equally
- plausible person: a new Southern King, which of course I am not.
- <p>
- There are many permutations of the above concepts. To make the
- matter worse, there are people who mix already messy Chinese
- schemes with other languages that also employ Chinese characters
- (such as Japanese and Korean). Such is the sad state of things when a
- country that should be united remains divided, and ordinary folks
- like I pay for the resulting chaos. I wrote this web page in an
- attempt to reduce such misunderstandings.
- <p>
- <hr> <!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
- <address>
- <a name="Comments">
- Return to Prof. Nam Sun Wang's <a href=../Welcome.html>Home Page</a><br>
- Return to <a href="chinese.htm">Chinese Resources/Links<br></a><br>
- <b>PinYin and BoPoMoFo ZhuYin Equivalence</b><br><br>
- Forward comments to:<br>
- <table cellspacing=40>
- <tr><td>
- <dl>
- <dd><b>Nam Sun Wang</b>
- <dd>Department of Chemical Engineering
- <dd>University of Maryland
- <dd>College Park, MD 20742-2111
- <dd>301-405-1910 (voice)
- <dd>301-314-9126 (FAX)
- <dd><a href="mailto:nsw@eng.umd.edu"><img src="../icons/mail.gif"></a>
- e-mail: <a href="mailto:nsw@eng.umd.edu">nsw@eng.umd.edu</a>
- ©1999 by Nam Sun Wang
- <td><img src="../umlogo.gif" alt="UMCP logo" width=128 height=128>
- </table>
- </address>
- </body></html>
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