Dolphin/Source/Core/Common/ChunkFile.h

// Copyright 2008 Dolphin Emulator Project
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

#pragma once

// Extremely simple serialization framework.

// (mis)-features:
// + Super fast
// + Very simple
// + Same code is used for serialization and deserializaition (in most cases)
// - Zero backwards/forwards compatibility
// - Serialization code for anything complex has to be manually written.

#include <array>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstring>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <optional>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include <fmt/format.h>

#include "Common/Assert.h"
#include "Common/CommonTypes.h"
#include "Common/EnumMap.h"
#include "Common/Flag.h"
#include "Common/Inline.h"
#include "Common/Logging/Log.h"

// Wrapper class
class PointerWrap
{
public:
  enum class Mode
  {
    Read,
    Write,
    Measure,
    Verify,
  };

private:
  u8** m_ptr_current;
  u8* m_ptr_end;
  Mode m_mode;

public:
  PointerWrap(u8** ptr, size_t size, Mode mode)
      : m_ptr_current(ptr), m_ptr_end(*ptr + size), m_mode(mode)
  {
  }

  void SetMeasureMode() { m_mode = Mode::Measure; }
  void SetVerifyMode() { m_mode = Mode::Verify; }
  bool IsReadMode() const { return m_mode == Mode::Read; }
  bool IsWriteMode() const { return m_mode == Mode::Write; }
  bool IsMeasureMode() const { return m_mode == Mode::Measure; }
  bool IsVerifyMode() const { return m_mode == Mode::Verify; }

  template <typename K, class V>
  void Do(std::map<K, V>& x)
  {
    u32 count = (u32)x.size();
    Do(count);

    switch (m_mode)
    {
    case Mode::Read:
      for (x.clear(); count != 0; --count)
      {
        std::pair<K, V> pair;
        Do(pair.first);
        Do(pair.second);
        x.insert(pair);
      }
      break;

    case Mode::Write:
    case Mode::Measure:
    case Mode::Verify:
      for (auto& elem : x)
      {
        Do(elem.first);
        Do(elem.second);
      }
      break;
    }
  }

  template <typename V>
  void Do(std::set<V>& x)
  {
    u32 count = (u32)x.size();
    Do(count);

    switch (m_mode)
    {
    case Mode::Read:
      for (x.clear(); count != 0; --count)
      {
        V value = {};
        Do(value);
        x.insert(value);
      }
      break;

    case Mode::Write:
    case Mode::Measure:
    case Mode::Verify:
      for (const V& val : x)
      {
        Do(val);
      }
      break;
    }
  }

  template <typename T>
  void Do(std::vector<T>& x)
  {
    DoContiguousContainer(x);
  }

  template <typename T>
  void Do(std::list<T>& x)
  {
    DoContainer(x);
  }

  template <typename T>
  void Do(std::deque<T>& x)
  {
    DoContainer(x);
  }

  template <typename T>
  void Do(std::basic_string<T>& x)
  {
    DoContiguousContainer(x);
  }

  template <typename T, typename U>
  void Do(std::pair<T, U>& x)
  {
    Do(x.first);
    Do(x.second);
  }

  template <typename T>
  void Do(std::optional<T>& x)
  {
    bool present = x.has_value();
    Do(present);

    switch (m_mode)
    {
    case Mode::Read:
      if (present)
      {
        x = std::make_optional<T>();
        Do(x.value());
      }
      else
      {
        x = std::nullopt;
      }
      break;

    case Mode::Write:
    case Mode::Measure:
    case Mode::Verify:
      if (present)
        Do(x.value());

      break;
    }
  }

  template <typename T, std::size_t N>
  void DoArray(std::array<T, N>& x)
  {
    DoArray(x.data(), static_cast<u32>(x.size()));
  }

  template <typename V, auto last_member, typename = decltype(last_member)>
  void DoArray(Common::EnumMap<V, last_member>& x)
  {
    DoArray(x.data(), static_cast<u32>(x.size()));
  }

  template <typename T, typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, int> = 0>
  void DoArray(T* x, u32 count)
  {
    DoVoid(x, count * sizeof(T));
  }

  template <typename T, typename std::enable_if_t<!std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, int> = 0>
  void DoArray(T* x, u32 count)
  {
    for (u32 i = 0; i < count; ++i)
      Do(x[i]);
  }

  template <typename T, std::size_t N>
  void DoArray(T (&arr)[N])
  {
    DoArray(arr, static_cast<u32>(N));
  }

  // The caller is required to inspect the mode of this PointerWrap
  // and deal with the pointer returned from this function themself.
  [[nodiscard]] u8* DoExternal(u32& count)
  {
    Do(count);
    u8* current = *m_ptr_current;
    *m_ptr_current += count;
    if (!IsMeasureMode() && *m_ptr_current > m_ptr_end)
    {
      // trying to read/write past the end of the buffer, prevent this
      SetMeasureMode();
    }
    return current;
  }

  // The reserved u32 is set to 0, and a pointer to it is returned.
  // The caller needs to fill in the reserved u32 with the appropriate value later on, if they
  // want a non-zero value there.
  [[nodiscard]] u8* ReserveU32()
  {
    u32 temp = 0;
    u8* previous_pointer = *m_ptr_current;
    Do(temp);
    return previous_pointer;
  }

  u32 GetOffsetFromPreviousPosition(u8* previous_pointer)
  {
    return static_cast<u32>((*m_ptr_current) - previous_pointer);
  }

  void Do(Common::Flag& flag)
  {
    bool s = flag.IsSet();
    Do(s);
    if (IsReadMode())
      flag.Set(s);
  }

  template <typename T>
  void Do(std::atomic<T>& atomic)
  {
    T temp = atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
    Do(temp);
    if (IsReadMode())
      atomic.store(temp, std::memory_order_relaxed);
  }

  template <typename T>
  void Do(T& x)
  {
    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, "Only sane for trivially copyable types");
    // Note:
    // Usually we can just use x = **ptr, etc.  However, this doesn't work
    // for unions containing BitFields (long story, stupid language rules)
    // or arrays.  This will get optimized anyway.
    DoVoid((void*)&x, sizeof(x));
  }

  void Do(bool& x)
  {
    // bool's size can vary depending on platform, which can
    // cause breakages. This treats all bools as if they were
    // 8 bits in size.
    u8 stable = static_cast<u8>(x);

    Do(stable);

    if (IsReadMode())
      x = stable != 0;
  }

  template <typename T>
  void DoPointer(T*& x, T* const base)
  {
    // pointers can be more than 2^31 apart, but you're using this function wrong if you need that
    // much range
    ptrdiff_t offset = x - base;
    Do(offset);
    if (IsReadMode())
    {
      x = base + offset;
    }
  }

  void DoMarker(const std::string& prevName, u32 arbitraryNumber = 0x42)
  {
    u32 cookie = arbitraryNumber;
    Do(cookie);

    if (IsReadMode() && cookie != arbitraryNumber)
    {
      PanicAlertFmtT(
          "Error: After \"{0}\", found {1} ({2:#x}) instead of save marker {3} ({4:#x}). Aborting "
          "savestate load...",
          prevName, cookie, cookie, arbitraryNumber, arbitraryNumber);
      SetMeasureMode();
    }
  }

  template <typename T, typename Functor>
  void DoEachElement(T& container, Functor member)
  {
    u32 size = static_cast<u32>(container.size());
    Do(size);
    container.resize(size);

    for (auto& elem : container)
      member(*this, elem);
  }

private:
  template <typename T>
  void DoContiguousContainer(T& container)
  {
    u32 size = static_cast<u32>(container.size());
    Do(size);
    container.resize(size);

    if (size > 0)
      DoArray(&container[0], size);
  }

  template <typename T>
  void DoContainer(T& x)
  {
    DoEachElement(x, [](PointerWrap& p, typename T::value_type& elem) { p.Do(elem); });
  }

  DOLPHIN_FORCE_INLINE void DoVoid(void* data, u32 size)
  {
    if (!IsMeasureMode() && (*m_ptr_current + size) > m_ptr_end)
    {
      // trying to read/write past the end of the buffer, prevent this
      SetMeasureMode();
    }

    switch (m_mode)
    {
    case Mode::Read:
      memcpy(data, *m_ptr_current, size);
      break;

    case Mode::Write:
      memcpy(*m_ptr_current, data, size);
      break;

    case Mode::Measure:
      break;

    case Mode::Verify:
      DEBUG_ASSERT_MSG(COMMON, !memcmp(data, *m_ptr_current, size),
                       "Savestate verification failure: buf {} != {} (size {}).\n", fmt::ptr(data),
                       fmt::ptr(*m_ptr_current), size);
      break;
    }

    *m_ptr_current += size;
  }
};