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    <title>Notation</title>
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    <section class="sect1" title="Notation" epub:type="subchapter" id="Syntax-notation">
      <div class="titlepage">
        <div>
          <div>
            <h2 class="title" style="clear: both">Notation</h2>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <p>The formal syntax for Kawa Scheme is written in an extended <abbr class="acronym">BNF</abbr>.
Non–terminals are written <em class="replaceable"><code>like-this</code></em>.  Case is insignificant
for non–terminal names.
Literal text (terminals) are written <code class="literal"><span class="bold"><strong>like this</strong></span></code>.
</p>
      <p>All spaces in the grammar are for legibility.

</p>
      <p>The following extensions to <abbr class="acronym">BNF</abbr> are used to make the
description more concise: <em class="replaceable"><code>thing</code></em><sup>*</sup> or <em class="replaceable"><code>thing</code></em><code class="literal">...</code>
both mean zero or more occurrences of <em class="replaceable"><code>thing</code></em>,
and <em class="replaceable"><code>thing</code></em><sup>+</sup> means at least one <em class="replaceable"><code>thing</code></em>.
</p>
      <p>Some non-terminal names refer to the Unicode scalar values of the same
name: <em class="replaceable"><code>character-tabulation</code></em> (U+0009), <em class="replaceable"><code>linefeed</code></em> (U+000A),
<em class="replaceable"><code>carriage-return</code></em> (U+000D), <em class="replaceable"><code>line-tabulation</code></em> (U+000B),
<em class="replaceable"><code>form-feed</code></em> (U+000C), <em class="replaceable"><code>space</code></em> (U+0020), <em class="replaceable"><code>next-line</code></em>
(U+0085), <em class="replaceable"><code>line-separator</code></em> (U+2028), and <em class="replaceable"><code>paragraph-separator</code></em>
(U+2029).
</p>
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