guile/libguile/gc.c

/* Copyright (C) 1995, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
 * any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this software; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
 * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
 * Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
 *
 * As a special exception, the Free Software Foundation gives permission
 * for additional uses of the text contained in its release of GUILE.
 *
 * The exception is that, if you link the GUILE library with other files
 * to produce an executable, this does not by itself cause the
 * resulting executable to be covered by the GNU General Public License.
 * Your use of that executable is in no way restricted on account of
 * linking the GUILE library code into it.
 *
 * This exception does not however invalidate any other reasons why
 * the executable file might be covered by the GNU General Public License.
 *
 * This exception applies only to the code released by the
 * Free Software Foundation under the name GUILE.  If you copy
 * code from other Free Software Foundation releases into a copy of
 * GUILE, as the General Public License permits, the exception does
 * not apply to the code that you add in this way.  To avoid misleading
 * anyone as to the status of such modified files, you must delete
 * this exception notice from them.
 *
 * If you write modifications of your own for GUILE, it is your choice
 * whether to permit this exception to apply to your modifications.
 * If you do not wish that, delete this exception notice.  */


/* #define DEBUGINFO */


#include <stdio.h>
#include "libguile/_scm.h"
#include "libguile/stime.h"
#include "libguile/stackchk.h"
#include "libguile/struct.h"
#include "libguile/smob.h"
#include "libguile/unif.h"
#include "libguile/async.h"
#include "libguile/ports.h"
#include "libguile/root.h"
#include "libguile/strings.h"
#include "libguile/vectors.h"
#include "libguile/weaks.h"
#include "libguile/hashtab.h"

#include "libguile/validate.h"
#include "libguile/gc.h"

#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_MALLOC
#include "libguile/debug-malloc.h"
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_H
#include <malloc.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#ifdef __STDC__
#include <stdarg.h>
#define var_start(x, y) va_start(x, y)
#else
#include <varargs.h>
#define var_start(x, y) va_start(x)
#endif


/* {heap tuning parameters}
 *
 * These are parameters for controlling memory allocation.  The heap
 * is the area out of which scm_cons, and object headers are allocated.
 *
 * Each heap cell is 8 bytes on a 32 bit machine and 16 bytes on a
 * 64 bit machine.  The units of the _SIZE parameters are bytes.
 * Cons pairs and object headers occupy one heap cell.
 *
 * SCM_INIT_HEAP_SIZE is the initial size of heap.  If this much heap is
 * allocated initially the heap will grow by half its current size
 * each subsequent time more heap is needed.
 *
 * If SCM_INIT_HEAP_SIZE heap cannot be allocated initially, SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE
 * will be used, and the heap will grow by SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE when more
 * heap is needed.  SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE must fit into type scm_sizet.  This code
 * is in scm_init_storage() and alloc_some_heap() in sys.c
 *
 * If SCM_INIT_HEAP_SIZE can be allocated initially, the heap will grow by
 * SCM_EXPHEAP(scm_heap_size) when more heap is needed.
 *
 * SCM_MIN_HEAP_SEG_SIZE is minimum size of heap to accept when more heap
 * is needed.
 *
 * INIT_MALLOC_LIMIT is the initial amount of malloc usage which will
 * trigger a GC.
 *
 * SCM_MTRIGGER_HYSTERESIS is the amount of malloc storage that must be
 * reclaimed by a GC triggered by must_malloc. If less than this is
 * reclaimed, the trigger threshold is raised. [I don't know what a
 * good value is. I arbitrarily chose 1/10 of the INIT_MALLOC_LIMIT to
 * work around a oscillation that caused almost constant GC.]
 */

/*
 * Heap size 45000 and 40% min yield gives quick startup and no extra
 * heap allocation.  Having higher values on min yield may lead to
 * large heaps, especially if code behaviour is varying its
 * maximum consumption between different freelists.
 */
int scm_default_init_heap_size_1 = (45000L * sizeof (scm_cell));
int scm_default_min_yield_1 = 40;
#define SCM_CLUSTER_SIZE_1 2000L

int scm_default_init_heap_size_2 = (2500L * 2 * sizeof (scm_cell));
/* The following value may seem large, but note that if we get to GC at
 * all, this means that we have a numerically intensive application
 */
int scm_default_min_yield_2 = 40;
#define SCM_CLUSTER_SIZE_2 1000L

int scm_default_max_segment_size = 2097000L;/* a little less (adm) than 2 Mb */

#define SCM_MIN_HEAP_SEG_SIZE (2048L * sizeof (scm_cell))
#ifdef _QC
# define SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE 32768L
#else
# ifdef sequent
#  define SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE (7000L * sizeof (scm_cell))
# else
#  define SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE (16384L * sizeof (scm_cell))
# endif
#endif
/* Make heap grow with factor 1.5 */
#define SCM_EXPHEAP(scm_heap_size) (scm_heap_size / 2)
#define SCM_INIT_MALLOC_LIMIT 100000
#define SCM_MTRIGGER_HYSTERESIS (SCM_INIT_MALLOC_LIMIT/10)

/* CELL_UP and CELL_DN are used by scm_init_heap_seg to find scm_cell aligned inner
   bounds for allocated storage */

#ifdef PROT386
/*in 386 protected mode we must only adjust the offset */
# define CELL_UP(p, span) MK_FP(FP_SEG(p), ~(8*(span)-1)&(FP_OFF(p)+8*(span)-1))
# define CELL_DN(p, span) MK_FP(FP_SEG(p), ~(8*(span)-1)&FP_OFF(p))
#else
# ifdef _UNICOS
#  define CELL_UP(p, span) (SCM_CELLPTR)(~(span) & ((long)(p)+(span)))
#  define CELL_DN(p, span) (SCM_CELLPTR)(~(span) & (long)(p))
# else
#  define CELL_UP(p, span) (SCM_CELLPTR)(~(sizeof(scm_cell)*(span)-1L) & ((long)(p)+sizeof(scm_cell)*(span)-1L))
#  define CELL_DN(p, span) (SCM_CELLPTR)(~(sizeof(scm_cell)*(span)-1L) & (long)(p))
# endif				/* UNICOS */
#endif				/* PROT386 */
#define CLUSTER_SIZE_IN_BYTES(freelist) ((freelist)->cluster_size * (freelist)->span * sizeof(scm_cell))
#define ALIGNMENT_SLACK(freelist) (sizeof (scm_cell) * (freelist)->span - 1)
#define SCM_HEAP_SIZE \
  (scm_master_freelist.heap_size + scm_master_freelist2.heap_size)
#define SCM_MAX(A, B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))



/* scm_freelists
 */

typedef struct scm_freelist_t {
  /* collected cells */
  SCM cells;
  /* number of cells left to collect before cluster is full */
  unsigned int left_to_collect;
  /* number of clusters which have been allocated */
  unsigned int clusters_allocated;
  /* a list of freelists, each of size cluster_size,
   * except the last one which may be shorter
   */
  SCM clusters;
  SCM *clustertail;
  /* this is the number of objects in each cluster, including the spine cell */
  int cluster_size;
  /* indicates that we should grow heap instead of GC:ing
   */
  int grow_heap_p;
  /* minimum yield on this list in order not to grow the heap
   */
  long min_yield;
  /* defines min_yield as percent of total heap size
   */
  int min_yield_fraction;
  /* number of cells per object on this list */
  int span;
  /* number of collected cells during last GC */
  long collected;
  /* number of collected cells during penultimate GC */
  long collected_1;
  /* total number of cells in heap segments
   * belonging to this list.
   */
  long heap_size;
} scm_freelist_t;

SCM scm_freelist = SCM_EOL;
scm_freelist_t scm_master_freelist = {
  SCM_EOL, 0, 0, SCM_EOL, 0, SCM_CLUSTER_SIZE_1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0
};
SCM scm_freelist2 = SCM_EOL;
scm_freelist_t scm_master_freelist2 = {
  SCM_EOL, 0, 0, SCM_EOL, 0, SCM_CLUSTER_SIZE_2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0
};

/* scm_mtrigger
 * is the number of bytes of must_malloc allocation needed to trigger gc.
 */
unsigned long scm_mtrigger;


/* scm_gc_heap_lock
 * If set, don't expand the heap.  Set only during gc, during which no allocation
 * is supposed to take place anyway.
 */
int scm_gc_heap_lock = 0;

/* GC Blocking
 * Don't pause for collection if this is set -- just
 * expand the heap.
 */

int scm_block_gc = 1;

/* If fewer than MIN_GC_YIELD cells are recovered during a garbage
 * collection (GC) more space is allocated for the heap.
 */
#define MIN_GC_YIELD(freelist) (freelist->heap_size / 4)

/* During collection, this accumulates objects holding
 * weak references.
 */
SCM scm_weak_vectors;

/* GC Statistics Keeping
 */
unsigned long scm_cells_allocated = 0;
long scm_mallocated = 0;
unsigned long scm_gc_cells_collected;
unsigned long scm_gc_yield;
static unsigned long scm_gc_yield_1 = 0; /* previous GC yield */
unsigned long scm_gc_malloc_collected;
unsigned long scm_gc_ports_collected;
unsigned long scm_gc_rt;
unsigned long scm_gc_time_taken = 0;

SCM_SYMBOL (sym_cells_allocated, "cells-allocated");
SCM_SYMBOL (sym_heap_size, "cell-heap-size");
SCM_SYMBOL (sym_mallocated, "bytes-malloced");
SCM_SYMBOL (sym_mtrigger, "gc-malloc-threshold");
SCM_SYMBOL (sym_heap_segments, "cell-heap-segments");
SCM_SYMBOL (sym_gc_time_taken, "gc-time-taken");

typedef struct scm_heap_seg_data_t
{
  /* lower and upper bounds of the segment */
  SCM_CELLPTR bounds[2];

  /* address of the head-of-freelist pointer for this segment's cells.
     All segments usually point to the same one, scm_freelist.  */
  scm_freelist_t *freelist;

  /* number of cells per object in this segment */
  int span;
} scm_heap_seg_data_t;



static scm_sizet init_heap_seg (SCM_CELLPTR, scm_sizet, scm_freelist_t *);
static void alloc_some_heap (scm_freelist_t *);



/* Debugging functions.  */

#if defined (GUILE_DEBUG) || defined (GUILE_DEBUG_FREELIST)

/* Return the number of the heap segment containing CELL.  */
static int
which_seg (SCM cell)
{
  int i;

  for (i = 0; i < scm_n_heap_segs; i++)
    if (SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0], SCM2PTR (cell))
	&& SCM_PTR_GT (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[1], SCM2PTR (cell)))
      return i;
  fprintf (stderr, "which_seg: can't find segment containing cell %lx\n",
	   SCM_UNPACK (cell));
  abort ();
}


static void
map_free_list (scm_freelist_t *master, SCM freelist)
{
  int last_seg = -1, count = 0;
  SCM f;

  for (f = freelist; SCM_NIMP (f); f = SCM_CDR (f))
    {
      int this_seg = which_seg (f);

      if (this_seg != last_seg)
	{
	  if (last_seg != -1)
	    fprintf (stderr, "  %5d %d-cells in segment %d\n",
		     count, master->span, last_seg);
	  last_seg = this_seg;
	  count = 0;
	}
      count++;
    }
  if (last_seg != -1)
    fprintf (stderr, "  %5d %d-cells in segment %d\n",
	     count, master->span, last_seg);
}

SCM_DEFINE (scm_map_free_list, "map-free-list", 0, 0, 0,
            (),
            "Print debugging information about the free-list.\n"
            "`map-free-list' is only included in --enable-guile-debug builds of Guile.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_map_free_list
{
  int i;
  fprintf (stderr, "%d segments total (%d:%d",
	   scm_n_heap_segs,
	   scm_heap_table[0].span,
	   scm_heap_table[0].bounds[1] - scm_heap_table[0].bounds[0]);
  for (i = 1; i < scm_n_heap_segs; i++)
    fprintf (stderr, ", %d:%d",
	     scm_heap_table[i].span,
	     scm_heap_table[i].bounds[1] - scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0]);
  fprintf (stderr, ")\n");
  map_free_list (&scm_master_freelist, scm_freelist);
  map_free_list (&scm_master_freelist2, scm_freelist2);
  fflush (stderr);

  return SCM_UNSPECIFIED;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

static int last_cluster;
static int last_size;

static int
free_list_length (char *title, int i, SCM freelist)
{
  SCM ls;
  int n = 0;
  for (ls = freelist; SCM_NNULLP (ls); ls = SCM_CDR (ls))
    if (SCM_CELL_TYPE (ls) == scm_tc_free_cell)
      ++n;
    else
      {
	fprintf (stderr, "bad cell in %s at position %d\n", title, n);
	abort ();
      }
  if (n != last_size)
    {
      if (i > 0)
	{
	  if (last_cluster == i - 1)
	    fprintf (stderr, "\t%d\n", last_size);
	  else
	    fprintf (stderr, "-%d\t%d\n", i - 1, last_size);
	}
      if (i >= 0)
	fprintf (stderr, "%s %d", title, i);
      else
	fprintf (stderr, "%s\t%d\n", title, n);
      last_cluster = i;
      last_size = n;
    }
  return n;
}

static void
free_list_lengths (char *title, scm_freelist_t *master, SCM freelist)
{
  SCM clusters;
  int i = 0, len, n = 0;
  fprintf (stderr, "%s\n\n", title);
  n += free_list_length ("free list", -1, freelist);
  for (clusters = master->clusters;
       SCM_NNULLP (clusters);
       clusters = SCM_CDR (clusters))
    {
      len = free_list_length ("cluster", i++, SCM_CAR (clusters));
      n += len;
    }
  if (last_cluster == i - 1)
    fprintf (stderr, "\t%d\n", last_size);
  else
    fprintf (stderr, "-%d\t%d\n", i - 1, last_size);
  fprintf (stderr, "\ntotal %d objects\n\n", n);
}

SCM_DEFINE (scm_free_list_length, "free-list-length", 0, 0, 0,
            (),
            "Print debugging information about the free-list.\n"
            "`free-list-length' is only included in --enable-guile-debug builds of Guile.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_free_list_length
{
  free_list_lengths ("1-cells", &scm_master_freelist, scm_freelist);
  free_list_lengths ("2-cells", &scm_master_freelist2, scm_freelist2);
  return SCM_UNSPECIFIED;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

#endif

#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_FREELIST

/* Number of calls to SCM_NEWCELL since startup.  */
static unsigned long scm_newcell_count;
static unsigned long scm_newcell2_count;

/* Search freelist for anything that isn't marked as a free cell.
   Abort if we find something.  */
static void
scm_check_freelist (SCM freelist)
{
  SCM f;
  int i = 0;

  for (f = freelist; SCM_NIMP (f); f = SCM_CDR (f), i++)
    if (SCM_CAR (f) != (SCM) scm_tc_free_cell)
      {
	fprintf (stderr, "Bad cell in freelist on newcell %lu: %d'th elt\n",
		 scm_newcell_count, i);
	fflush (stderr);
	abort ();
      }
}

static int scm_debug_check_freelist = 0;

SCM_DEFINE (scm_gc_set_debug_check_freelist_x, "gc-set-debug-check-freelist!", 1, 0, 0,
            (SCM flag),
            "If FLAG is #t, check the freelist for consistency on each cell allocation.\n"
            "This procedure only exists because the GUILE_DEBUG_FREELIST \n"
            "compile-time flag was selected.\n")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_gc_set_debug_check_freelist_x
{
  SCM_VALIDATE_BOOL_COPY (1, flag, scm_debug_check_freelist);
  return SCM_UNSPECIFIED;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME


SCM
scm_debug_newcell (void)
{
  SCM new;

  scm_newcell_count++;
  if (scm_debug_check_freelist)
    {
      scm_check_freelist (scm_freelist);
      scm_gc();
    }

  /* The rest of this is supposed to be identical to the SCM_NEWCELL
     macro.  */
  if (SCM_IMP (scm_freelist))
    new = scm_gc_for_newcell (&scm_master_freelist, &scm_freelist);
  else
    {
      new = scm_freelist;
      scm_freelist = SCM_CDR (scm_freelist);
      SCM_SETCAR (new, scm_tc16_allocated);
    }

  return new;
}

SCM
scm_debug_newcell2 (void)
{
  SCM new;

  scm_newcell2_count++;
  if (scm_debug_check_freelist)
    {
      scm_check_freelist (scm_freelist2);
      scm_gc ();
    }

  /* The rest of this is supposed to be identical to the SCM_NEWCELL
     macro.  */
  if (SCM_IMP (scm_freelist2))
    new = scm_gc_for_newcell (&scm_master_freelist2, &scm_freelist2);
  else
    {
      new = scm_freelist2;
      scm_freelist2 = SCM_CDR (scm_freelist2);
      SCM_SETCAR (new, scm_tc16_allocated);
    }

  return new;
}

#endif /* GUILE_DEBUG_FREELIST */



static unsigned long
master_cells_allocated (scm_freelist_t *master)
{
  int objects = master->clusters_allocated * (master->cluster_size - 1);
  if (SCM_NULLP (master->clusters))
    objects -= master->left_to_collect;
  return master->span * objects;
}

static unsigned long
freelist_length (SCM freelist)
{
  int n;
  for (n = 0; SCM_NNULLP (freelist); freelist = SCM_CDR (freelist))
    ++n;
  return n;
}

static unsigned long
compute_cells_allocated ()
{
  return (scm_cells_allocated
	  + master_cells_allocated (&scm_master_freelist)
	  + master_cells_allocated (&scm_master_freelist2)
	  - scm_master_freelist.span * freelist_length (scm_freelist)
	  - scm_master_freelist2.span * freelist_length (scm_freelist2));
}

/* {Scheme Interface to GC}
 */

SCM_DEFINE (scm_gc_stats, "gc-stats", 0, 0, 0,
            (),
	    "Returns an association list of statistics about Guile's current use of storage.  ")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_gc_stats
{
  int i;
  int n;
  SCM heap_segs;
  long int local_scm_mtrigger;
  long int local_scm_mallocated;
  long int local_scm_heap_size;
  long int local_scm_cells_allocated;
  long int local_scm_gc_time_taken;
  SCM answer;

  SCM_DEFER_INTS;
  scm_block_gc = 1;
 retry:
  heap_segs = SCM_EOL;
  n = scm_n_heap_segs;
  for (i = scm_n_heap_segs; i--; )
    heap_segs = scm_cons (scm_cons (scm_ulong2num ((unsigned long)scm_heap_table[i].bounds[1]),
				    scm_ulong2num ((unsigned long)scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0])),
			  heap_segs);
  if (scm_n_heap_segs != n)
    goto retry;
  scm_block_gc = 0;

  /* Below, we cons to produce the resulting list.  We want a snapshot of
   * the heap situation before consing.
   */
  local_scm_mtrigger = scm_mtrigger;
  local_scm_mallocated = scm_mallocated;
  local_scm_heap_size = SCM_HEAP_SIZE;
  local_scm_cells_allocated = compute_cells_allocated ();
  local_scm_gc_time_taken = scm_gc_time_taken;

  answer = scm_listify (scm_cons (sym_gc_time_taken, scm_ulong2num (local_scm_gc_time_taken)),
			scm_cons (sym_cells_allocated, scm_ulong2num (local_scm_cells_allocated)),
			scm_cons (sym_heap_size, scm_ulong2num (local_scm_heap_size)),
			scm_cons (sym_mallocated, scm_ulong2num (local_scm_mallocated)),
			scm_cons (sym_mtrigger, scm_ulong2num (local_scm_mtrigger)),
			scm_cons (sym_heap_segments, heap_segs),
			SCM_UNDEFINED);
  SCM_ALLOW_INTS;
  return answer;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME


void
scm_gc_start (const char *what)
{
  scm_gc_rt = SCM_INUM (scm_get_internal_run_time ());
  scm_gc_cells_collected = 0;
  scm_gc_yield_1 = scm_gc_yield;
  scm_gc_yield = (scm_cells_allocated
		  + master_cells_allocated (&scm_master_freelist)
		  + master_cells_allocated (&scm_master_freelist2));
  scm_gc_malloc_collected = 0;
  scm_gc_ports_collected = 0;
}

void
scm_gc_end ()
{
  scm_gc_rt = SCM_INUM (scm_get_internal_run_time ()) - scm_gc_rt;
  scm_gc_time_taken += scm_gc_rt;
  scm_system_async_mark (scm_gc_async);
}


SCM_DEFINE (scm_object_address, "object-address", 1, 0, 0,
            (SCM obj),
	    "Return an integer that for the lifetime of @var{obj} is uniquely\n"
	    "returned by this function for @var{obj}")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_object_address
{
  return scm_ulong2num ((unsigned long) SCM_UNPACK (obj));
}
#undef FUNC_NAME


SCM_DEFINE (scm_gc, "gc", 0, 0, 0,
           (),
	    "Scans all of SCM objects and reclaims for further use those that are\n"
	    "no longer accessible.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_gc
{
  SCM_DEFER_INTS;
  scm_igc ("call");
  SCM_ALLOW_INTS;
  return SCM_UNSPECIFIED;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME



/* {C Interface For When GC is Triggered}
 */

static void
adjust_min_yield (scm_freelist_t *freelist)
{
  /* min yield is adjusted upwards so that next predicted total yield
   * (allocated cells actually freed by GC) becomes
   * `min_yield_fraction' of total heap size.  Note, however, that
   * the absolute value of min_yield will correspond to `collected'
   * on one master (the one which currently is triggering GC).
   *
   * The reason why we look at total yield instead of cells collected
   * on one list is that we want to take other freelists into account.
   * On this freelist, we know that (local) yield = collected cells,
   * but that's probably not the case on the other lists.
   *
   * (We might consider computing a better prediction, for example
   *  by computing an average over multiple GC:s.)
   */
  if (freelist->min_yield_fraction)
    {
      /* Pick largest of last two yields. */
      int delta = ((SCM_HEAP_SIZE * freelist->min_yield_fraction / 100)
		   - (long) SCM_MAX (scm_gc_yield_1, scm_gc_yield));
#ifdef DEBUGINFO
      fprintf (stderr, " after GC = %d, delta = %d\n",
	       scm_cells_allocated,
	       delta);
#endif
      if (delta > 0)
	freelist->min_yield += delta;
    }
}

/* When we get POSIX threads support, the master will be global and
 * common while the freelist will be individual for each thread.
 */

SCM
scm_gc_for_newcell (scm_freelist_t *master, SCM *freelist)
{
  SCM cell;
  ++scm_ints_disabled;
  do
    {
      if (SCM_NULLP (master->clusters))
	{
	  if (master->grow_heap_p)
	    {
	      master->grow_heap_p = 0;
	      alloc_some_heap (master);
	    }
	  else
	    {
#ifdef DEBUGINFO
	      fprintf (stderr, "allocated = %d, ",
		       scm_cells_allocated
		       + master_cells_allocated (&scm_master_freelist)
		       + master_cells_allocated (&scm_master_freelist2));
#endif
	      scm_igc ("cells");
	      adjust_min_yield (master);
	    }
	}
      cell = SCM_CAR (master->clusters);
      master->clusters = SCM_CDR (master->clusters);
      ++master->clusters_allocated;
    }
  while (SCM_NULLP (cell));
  --scm_ints_disabled;
  *freelist = SCM_CDR (cell);
  SCM_SET_CELL_TYPE (cell, scm_tc16_allocated);
  return cell;
}

#if 0
/* This is a support routine which can be used to reserve a cluster
 * for some special use, such as debugging.  It won't be useful until
 * free cells are preserved between garbage collections.
 */

void
scm_alloc_cluster (scm_freelist_t *master)
{
  SCM freelist, cell;
  cell = scm_gc_for_newcell (master, &freelist);
  SCM_SETCDR (cell, freelist);
  return cell;
}
#endif

SCM scm_after_gc_hook;

scm_c_hook_t scm_before_gc_c_hook;
scm_c_hook_t scm_before_mark_c_hook;
scm_c_hook_t scm_before_sweep_c_hook;
scm_c_hook_t scm_after_sweep_c_hook;
scm_c_hook_t scm_after_gc_c_hook;

void
scm_igc (const char *what)
{
  int j;

  scm_c_hook_run (&scm_before_gc_c_hook, 0);
#ifdef DEBUGINFO
  fprintf (stderr,
	   SCM_NULLP (scm_freelist)
	   ? "*"
	   : (SCM_NULLP (scm_freelist2) ? "o" : "m"));
#endif
#ifdef USE_THREADS
  /* During the critical section, only the current thread may run. */
  SCM_THREAD_CRITICAL_SECTION_START;
#endif

  /* fprintf (stderr, "gc: %s\n", what); */

  scm_gc_start (what);

  if (!scm_stack_base || scm_block_gc)
    {
      scm_gc_end ();
      return;
    }

  if (scm_mallocated < 0)
    /* The byte count of allocated objects has underflowed.  This is
       probably because you forgot to report the sizes of objects you
       have allocated, by calling scm_done_malloc or some such.  When
       the GC freed them, it subtracted their size from
       scm_mallocated, which underflowed.  */
    abort ();

  if (scm_gc_heap_lock)
    /* We've invoked the collector while a GC is already in progress.
       That should never happen.  */
    abort ();

  ++scm_gc_heap_lock;

  /* unprotect any struct types with no instances */
#if 0
  {
    SCM type_list;
    SCM * pos;

    pos = &scm_type_obj_list;
    type_list = scm_type_obj_list;
    while (type_list != SCM_EOL)
      if (SCM_VELTS (SCM_CAR (type_list))[scm_struct_i_refcnt])
	{
	  pos = SCM_CDRLOC (type_list);
	  type_list = SCM_CDR (type_list);
	}
      else
	{
	  *pos = SCM_CDR (type_list);
	  type_list = SCM_CDR (type_list);
	}
  }
#endif

  /* flush dead entries from the continuation stack */
  {
    int x;
    int bound;
    SCM * elts;
    elts = SCM_VELTS (scm_continuation_stack);
    bound = SCM_LENGTH (scm_continuation_stack);
    x = SCM_INUM (scm_continuation_stack_ptr);
    while (x < bound)
      {
	elts[x] = SCM_BOOL_F;
	++x;
      }
  }

  scm_c_hook_run (&scm_before_mark_c_hook, 0);

#ifndef USE_THREADS

  /* Protect from the C stack.  This must be the first marking
   * done because it provides information about what objects
   * are "in-use" by the C code.   "in-use" objects are  those
   * for which the values from SCM_LENGTH and SCM_CHARS must remain
   * usable.   This requirement is stricter than a liveness
   * requirement -- in particular, it constrains the implementation
   * of scm_vector_set_length_x.
   */
  SCM_FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS;
  /* This assumes that all registers are saved into the jmp_buf */
  setjmp (scm_save_regs_gc_mark);
  scm_mark_locations ((SCM_STACKITEM *) scm_save_regs_gc_mark,
		      (   (scm_sizet) (sizeof (SCM_STACKITEM) - 1 +
				       sizeof scm_save_regs_gc_mark)
			  / sizeof (SCM_STACKITEM)));

  {
    scm_sizet stack_len = scm_stack_size (scm_stack_base);
#ifdef SCM_STACK_GROWS_UP
    scm_mark_locations (scm_stack_base, stack_len);
#else
    scm_mark_locations (scm_stack_base - stack_len, stack_len);
#endif
  }

#else /* USE_THREADS */

  /* Mark every thread's stack and registers */
  scm_threads_mark_stacks ();

#endif /* USE_THREADS */

  /* FIXME: insert a phase to un-protect string-data preserved
   * in scm_vector_set_length_x.
   */

  j = SCM_NUM_PROTECTS;
  while (j--)
    scm_gc_mark (scm_sys_protects[j]);

  /* FIXME: we should have a means to register C functions to be run
   * in different phases of GC
   */
  scm_mark_subr_table ();

#ifndef USE_THREADS
  scm_gc_mark (scm_root->handle);
#endif

  scm_c_hook_run (&scm_before_sweep_c_hook, 0);

  scm_gc_sweep ();

  scm_c_hook_run (&scm_after_sweep_c_hook, 0);

  --scm_gc_heap_lock;
  scm_gc_end ();

#ifdef USE_THREADS
  SCM_THREAD_CRITICAL_SECTION_END;
#endif
  scm_c_hook_run (&scm_after_gc_c_hook, 0);
}


/* {Mark/Sweep}
 */



/* Mark an object precisely.
 */
void
scm_gc_mark (SCM p)
{
  register long i;
  register SCM ptr;

  ptr = p;

gc_mark_loop:
  if (SCM_IMP (ptr))
    return;

gc_mark_nimp:
  if (SCM_NCELLP (ptr))
    scm_wta (ptr, "rogue pointer in heap", NULL);

  switch (SCM_TYP7 (ptr))
    {
    case scm_tcs_cons_nimcar:
      if (SCM_GCMARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGCMARK (ptr);
      if (SCM_IMP (SCM_CDR (ptr))) /* SCM_IMP works even with a GC mark */
	{
	  ptr = SCM_CAR (ptr);
	  goto gc_mark_nimp;
	}
      scm_gc_mark (SCM_CAR (ptr));
      ptr = SCM_GCCDR (ptr);
      goto gc_mark_nimp;
    case scm_tcs_cons_imcar:
      if (SCM_GCMARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGCMARK (ptr);
      ptr = SCM_GCCDR (ptr);
      goto gc_mark_loop;
    case scm_tc7_pws:
      if (SCM_GCMARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGCMARK (ptr);
      scm_gc_mark (SCM_CELL_OBJECT_2 (ptr));
      ptr = SCM_GCCDR (ptr);
      goto gc_mark_loop;
    case scm_tcs_cons_gloc:
      if (SCM_GCMARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGCMARK (ptr);
      {
	/* Dirk:FIXME:: The following code is super ugly:  ptr may be a struct
	 * or a gloc.  If it is a gloc, the cell word #0 of ptr is a pointer
	 * to a heap cell.  If it is a struct, the cell word #0 of ptr is a
	 * pointer to a struct vtable data region. The fact that these are
	 * accessed in the same way restricts the possibilites to change the
	 * data layout of structs or heap cells. 
	 */
	scm_bits_t word0 = SCM_CELL_WORD_0 (ptr) - scm_tc3_cons_gloc;
	scm_bits_t * vtable_data = (scm_bits_t *) word0; /* access as struct */
	switch (vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vcell])
	  {
	  default:
	    {
	      /* ptr is a gloc */
	      SCM gloc_car = SCM_PACK (word0);
	      scm_gc_mark (gloc_car);
	      ptr = SCM_GCCDR (ptr);
	      goto gc_mark_loop;
	    }
	  case 1:		/* ! */
	  case 0:		/* ! */
	    {
	      /* ptr is a struct */
	      SCM layout = SCM_PACK (vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_layout]);
	      int len = SCM_LENGTH (layout);
	      char * fields_desc = SCM_CHARS (layout);
	      /* We're using SCM_GCCDR here like STRUCT_DATA, except
                 that it removes the mark */
	      scm_bits_t * struct_data = (scm_bits_t *) SCM_UNPACK (SCM_GCCDR (ptr));

	      if (vtable_data[scm_struct_i_flags] & SCM_STRUCTF_ENTITY)
		{
		  scm_gc_mark (SCM_PACK (struct_data[scm_struct_i_procedure]));
		  scm_gc_mark (SCM_PACK (struct_data[scm_struct_i_setter]));
		}
	      if (len)
		{
		  int x;

		  for (x = 0; x < len - 2; x += 2, ++struct_data)
		    if (fields_desc[x] == 'p')
		      scm_gc_mark (SCM_PACK (*struct_data));
		  if (fields_desc[x] == 'p')
		    {
		      if (SCM_LAYOUT_TAILP (fields_desc[x + 1]))
			for (x = *struct_data; x; --x)
			  scm_gc_mark (SCM_PACK (*++struct_data));
		      else
			scm_gc_mark (SCM_PACK (*struct_data));
		    }
		}
	      if (vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vcell] == 0)
		{
		  vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vcell] = 1;
		  ptr = SCM_PACK (vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vtable]);
		  goto gc_mark_loop;
		}
	    }
	  }
      }
      break;
    case scm_tcs_closures:
      if (SCM_GCMARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGCMARK (ptr);
      if (SCM_IMP (SCM_CDR (ptr)))
	{
	  ptr = SCM_CLOSCAR (ptr);
	  goto gc_mark_nimp;
	}
      scm_gc_mark (SCM_CLOSCAR (ptr));
      ptr = SCM_GCCDR (ptr);
      goto gc_mark_nimp;
    case scm_tc7_vector:
    case scm_tc7_lvector:
#ifdef CCLO
    case scm_tc7_cclo:
#endif
      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      i = SCM_LENGTH (ptr);
      if (i == 0)
	break;
      while (--i > 0)
	if (SCM_NIMP (SCM_VELTS (ptr)[i]))
	  scm_gc_mark (SCM_VELTS (ptr)[i]);
      ptr = SCM_VELTS (ptr)[0];
      goto gc_mark_loop;
    case scm_tc7_contin:
      if SCM_GC8MARKP
	(ptr) break;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      if (SCM_VELTS (ptr))
	scm_mark_locations (SCM_VELTS_AS_STACKITEMS (ptr),
			    (scm_sizet)
			    (SCM_LENGTH (ptr) +
			     (sizeof (SCM_STACKITEM) + -1 +
			      sizeof (scm_contregs)) /
			     sizeof (SCM_STACKITEM)));
      break;
#ifdef HAVE_ARRAYS
    case scm_tc7_bvect:
    case scm_tc7_byvect:
    case scm_tc7_ivect:
    case scm_tc7_uvect:
    case scm_tc7_fvect:
    case scm_tc7_dvect:
    case scm_tc7_cvect:
    case scm_tc7_svect:
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONGS
    case scm_tc7_llvect:
#endif
#endif
    case scm_tc7_string:
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      break;

    case scm_tc7_substring:
      if (SCM_GC8MARKP(ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      ptr = SCM_CDR (ptr);
      goto gc_mark_loop;

    case scm_tc7_wvect:
      if (SCM_GC8MARKP(ptr))
	break;
      SCM_WVECT_GC_CHAIN (ptr) = scm_weak_vectors;
      scm_weak_vectors = ptr;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      if (SCM_IS_WHVEC_ANY (ptr))
	{
	  int x;
	  int len;
	  int weak_keys;
	  int weak_values;

	  len = SCM_LENGTH (ptr);
	  weak_keys = SCM_IS_WHVEC (ptr) || SCM_IS_WHVEC_B (ptr);
	  weak_values = SCM_IS_WHVEC_V (ptr) || SCM_IS_WHVEC_B (ptr);

	  for (x = 0; x < len; ++x)
	    {
	      SCM alist;
	      alist = SCM_VELTS (ptr)[x];

	      /* mark everything on the alist except the keys or
	       * values, according to weak_values and weak_keys.  */
	      while (   SCM_CONSP (alist)
		     && !SCM_GCMARKP (alist)
		     && SCM_CONSP (SCM_CAR (alist)))
		{
		  SCM kvpair;
		  SCM next_alist;

		  kvpair = SCM_CAR (alist);
		  next_alist = SCM_CDR (alist);
		  /*
		   * Do not do this:
		   * 	SCM_SETGCMARK (alist);
		   *	SCM_SETGCMARK (kvpair);
		   *
		   * It may be that either the key or value is protected by
		   * an escaped reference to part of the spine of this alist.
		   * If we mark the spine here, and only mark one or neither of the
		   * key and value, they may never be properly marked.
		   * This leads to a horrible situation in which an alist containing
		   * freelist cells is exported.
		   *
		   * So only mark the spines of these arrays last of all marking.
		   * If somebody confuses us by constructing a weak vector
		   * with a circular alist then we are hosed, but at least we
		   * won't prematurely drop table entries.
		   */
		  if (!weak_keys)
		    scm_gc_mark (SCM_CAR (kvpair));
		  if (!weak_values)
		    scm_gc_mark (SCM_GCCDR (kvpair));
		  alist = next_alist;
		}
	      if (SCM_NIMP (alist))
		scm_gc_mark (alist);
	    }
	}
      break;

    case scm_tc7_msymbol:
      if (SCM_GC8MARKP(ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      scm_gc_mark (SCM_SYMBOL_FUNC (ptr));
      ptr = SCM_SYMBOL_PROPS (ptr);
      goto gc_mark_loop;
    case scm_tc7_ssymbol:
      if (SCM_GC8MARKP(ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      break;
    case scm_tcs_subrs:
      break;
    case scm_tc7_port:
      i = SCM_PTOBNUM (ptr);
      if (!(i < scm_numptob))
	goto def;
      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      if (SCM_PTAB_ENTRY(ptr))
	scm_gc_mark (SCM_PTAB_ENTRY(ptr)->file_name);
      if (scm_ptobs[i].mark)
	{
	  ptr = (scm_ptobs[i].mark) (ptr);
	  goto gc_mark_loop;
	}
      else
	return;
      break;
    case scm_tc7_smob:
      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (ptr))
	break;
      SCM_SETGC8MARK (ptr);
      switch (SCM_GCTYP16 (ptr))
	{ /* should be faster than going through scm_smobs */
	case scm_tc_free_cell:
	  /* printf("found free_cell %X ", ptr); fflush(stdout); */
        case scm_tc16_allocated:
	case scm_tc16_big:
	case scm_tc16_real:
	case scm_tc16_complex:
	  break;
	default:
	  i = SCM_SMOBNUM (ptr);
	  if (!(i < scm_numsmob))
	    goto def;
	  if (scm_smobs[i].mark)
	    {
	      ptr = (scm_smobs[i].mark) (ptr);
	      goto gc_mark_loop;
	    }
	  else
	    return;
	}
      break;
    default:
    def:scm_wta (ptr, "unknown type in ", "gc_mark");
    }
}


/* Mark a Region Conservatively
 */

void
scm_mark_locations (SCM_STACKITEM x[], scm_sizet n)
{
  register long m = n;
  register int i, j;
  register SCM_CELLPTR ptr;

  while (0 <= --m)
    if (SCM_CELLP (* (SCM *) &x[m]))
      {
	ptr = SCM2PTR (* (SCM *) &x[m]);
	i = 0;
	j = scm_n_heap_segs - 1;
	if (   SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0], ptr)
	    && SCM_PTR_GT (scm_heap_table[j].bounds[1], ptr))
	  {
	    while (i <= j)
	      {
		int seg_id;
		seg_id = -1;
		if (   (i == j)
		    || SCM_PTR_GT (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[1], ptr))
		  seg_id = i;
		else if (SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[j].bounds[0], ptr))
		  seg_id = j;
		else
		  {
		    int k;
		    k = (i + j) / 2;
		    if (k == i)
		      break;
		    if (SCM_PTR_GT (scm_heap_table[k].bounds[1], ptr))
		      {
			j = k;
			++i;
			if (SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0], ptr))
			  continue;
			else
			  break;
		      }
		    else if (SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[k].bounds[0], ptr))
		      {
			i = k;
			--j;
			if (SCM_PTR_GT (scm_heap_table[j].bounds[1], ptr))
			  continue;
			else
			  break;
		      }
		  }
		if (scm_heap_table[seg_id].span == 1
		    || SCM_DOUBLE_CELLP (* (SCM *) &x[m]))
		  scm_gc_mark (* (SCM *) &x[m]);
		break;
	      }

	  }
      }
}


/* The function scm_cellp determines whether an SCM value can be regarded as a
 * pointer to a cell on the heap.  Binary search is used in order to determine
 * the heap segment that contains the cell.
 */
int
scm_cellp (SCM value)
{
  if (SCM_CELLP (value)) {
    scm_cell * ptr = SCM2PTR (value);
    unsigned int i = 0;
    unsigned int j = scm_n_heap_segs - 1;

    while (i < j) {
      int k = (i + j) / 2;
      if (SCM_PTR_GT (scm_heap_table[k].bounds[1], ptr)) {
	j = k;
      } else if (SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[k].bounds[0], ptr)) {
	i = k + 1;
      }
    }

    if (SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0], ptr) 
	&& SCM_PTR_GT (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[1], ptr)
	&& (scm_heap_table[i].span == 1 || SCM_DOUBLE_CELLP (value))) {
      return 1;
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}


static void
gc_sweep_freelist_start (scm_freelist_t *freelist)
{
  freelist->cells = SCM_EOL;
  freelist->left_to_collect = freelist->cluster_size;
  freelist->clusters_allocated = 0;
  freelist->clusters = SCM_EOL;
  freelist->clustertail = &freelist->clusters;
  freelist->collected_1 = freelist->collected;
  freelist->collected = 0;
}

static void
gc_sweep_freelist_finish (scm_freelist_t *freelist)
{
  int collected;
  *freelist->clustertail = freelist->cells;
  if (SCM_NNULLP (freelist->cells))
    {
      SCM c = freelist->cells;
      SCM_SETCAR (c, SCM_CDR (c));
      SCM_SETCDR (c, SCM_EOL);
      freelist->collected +=
	freelist->span * (freelist->cluster_size - freelist->left_to_collect);
    }
  scm_gc_cells_collected += freelist->collected;

  /* Although freelist->min_yield is used to test freelist->collected
   * (which is the local GC yield for freelist), it is adjusted so
   * that *total* yield is freelist->min_yield_fraction of total heap
   * size.  This means that a too low yield is compensated by more
   * heap on the list which is currently doing most work, which is
   * just what we want.
   */
  collected = SCM_MAX (freelist->collected_1, freelist->collected);
  freelist->grow_heap_p = (collected < freelist->min_yield);
}

void
scm_gc_sweep ()
{
  register SCM_CELLPTR ptr;
  register SCM nfreelist;
  register scm_freelist_t *freelist;
  register long m;
  register int span;
  long i;
  scm_sizet seg_size;

  m = 0;

  gc_sweep_freelist_start (&scm_master_freelist);
  gc_sweep_freelist_start (&scm_master_freelist2);

  for (i = 0; i < scm_n_heap_segs; i++)
    {
      register unsigned int left_to_collect;
      register scm_sizet j;

      /* Unmarked cells go onto the front of the freelist this heap
	 segment points to.  Rather than updating the real freelist
	 pointer as we go along, we accumulate the new head in
	 nfreelist.  Then, if it turns out that the entire segment is
	 free, we free (i.e., malloc's free) the whole segment, and
	 simply don't assign nfreelist back into the real freelist.  */
      freelist = scm_heap_table[i].freelist;
      nfreelist = freelist->cells;
      left_to_collect = freelist->left_to_collect;
      span = scm_heap_table[i].span;

      ptr = CELL_UP (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0], span);
      seg_size = CELL_DN (scm_heap_table[i].bounds[1], span) - ptr;
      for (j = seg_size + span; j -= span; ptr += span)
	{
	  SCM scmptr = PTR2SCM (ptr);

	  switch SCM_TYP7 (scmptr)
	    {
	    case scm_tcs_cons_gloc:
	      {
		/* Dirk:FIXME:: Again, super ugly code:  scmptr may be a
		 * struct or a gloc.  See the corresponding comment in
		 * scm_gc_mark.
		 */
		scm_bits_t word0 = SCM_CELL_WORD_0 (scmptr) - scm_tc3_cons_gloc;
		scm_bits_t * vtable_data = (scm_bits_t *) word0; /* access as struct */
		if (SCM_GCMARKP (scmptr))
		  {
		    if (vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vcell] == 1)
		      vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vcell] = 0;
		    goto cmrkcontinue;
		  }
		else 
		  {
		    if (vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vcell] == 0
			|| vtable_data [scm_vtable_index_vcell] == 1)
		      {
			scm_struct_free_t free
			  = (scm_struct_free_t) vtable_data[scm_struct_i_free];
			m += free (vtable_data, (scm_bits_t *) SCM_UNPACK (SCM_GCCDR (scmptr)));
		      }
		  }
	      }
	      break;
	    case scm_tcs_cons_imcar:
	    case scm_tcs_cons_nimcar:
	    case scm_tcs_closures:
	    case scm_tc7_pws:
	      if (SCM_GCMARKP (scmptr))
		goto cmrkcontinue;
	      break;
	    case scm_tc7_wvect:
	      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr))
		{
		  goto c8mrkcontinue;
		}
	      else
		{
		  m += (2 + SCM_LENGTH (scmptr)) * sizeof (SCM);
		  scm_must_free ((char *)(SCM_VELTS (scmptr) - 2));
		  break;
		}

	    case scm_tc7_vector:
	    case scm_tc7_lvector:
#ifdef CCLO
	    case scm_tc7_cclo:
#endif
	      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr))
		goto c8mrkcontinue;

	      m += (SCM_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (SCM));
	    freechars:
	      scm_must_free (SCM_CHARS (scmptr));
	      /*	SCM_SETCHARS(scmptr, 0);*/
	      break;
#ifdef HAVE_ARRAYS
	    case scm_tc7_bvect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += sizeof (long) * ((SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) + SCM_LONG_BIT - 1) / SCM_LONG_BIT);
	      goto freechars;
	    case scm_tc7_byvect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (char);
	      goto freechars;
	    case scm_tc7_ivect:
	    case scm_tc7_uvect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (long);
	      goto freechars;
	    case scm_tc7_svect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (short);
	      goto freechars;
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONGS
	    case scm_tc7_llvect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (long_long);
	      goto freechars;
#endif
	    case scm_tc7_fvect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (float);
	      goto freechars;
	    case scm_tc7_dvect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (double);
	      goto freechars;
	    case scm_tc7_cvect:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) * 2 * sizeof (double);
	      goto freechars;
#endif
	    case scm_tc7_substring:
	      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr))
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      break;
	    case scm_tc7_string:
	      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr))
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_HUGE_LENGTH (scmptr) + 1;
	      goto freechars;
	    case scm_tc7_msymbol:
	      if (SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr))
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += (SCM_LENGTH (scmptr) + 1
		    + (SCM_CHARS (scmptr) - (char *) SCM_SLOTS (scmptr)));
	      scm_must_free ((char *)SCM_SLOTS (scmptr));
	      break;
	    case scm_tc7_contin:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      m += SCM_LENGTH (scmptr) * sizeof (SCM_STACKITEM) + sizeof (scm_contregs);
	      if (SCM_VELTS (scmptr))
		goto freechars;
	    case scm_tc7_ssymbol:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP(scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      break;
	    case scm_tcs_subrs:
	      continue;
	    case scm_tc7_port:
	      if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		goto c8mrkcontinue;
	      if SCM_OPENP (scmptr)
		{
		  int k = SCM_PTOBNUM (scmptr);
		  if (!(k < scm_numptob))
		    goto sweeperr;
		  /* Keep "revealed" ports alive.  */
		  if (scm_revealed_count (scmptr) > 0)
		    continue;
		  /* Yes, I really do mean scm_ptobs[k].free */
		  /* rather than ftobs[k].close.  .close */
		  /* is for explicit CLOSE-PORT by user */
		  m += (scm_ptobs[k].free) (scmptr);
		  SCM_SETSTREAM (scmptr, 0);
		  scm_remove_from_port_table (scmptr);
		  scm_gc_ports_collected++;
		  SCM_SETAND_CAR (scmptr, ~SCM_OPN);
		}
	      break;
	    case scm_tc7_smob:
	      switch SCM_GCTYP16 (scmptr)
		{
		case scm_tc_free_cell:
		case scm_tc16_real:
		  if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		    goto c8mrkcontinue;
		  break;
#ifdef SCM_BIGDIG
		case scm_tc16_big:
		  if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		    goto c8mrkcontinue;
		  m += (SCM_NUMDIGS (scmptr) * SCM_BITSPERDIG / SCM_CHAR_BIT);
		  goto freechars;
#endif /* def SCM_BIGDIG */
		case scm_tc16_complex:
		  if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		    goto c8mrkcontinue;
		  m += 2 * sizeof (double);
		  goto freechars;
		default:
		  if SCM_GC8MARKP (scmptr)
		    goto c8mrkcontinue;

		  {
		    int k;
		    k = SCM_SMOBNUM (scmptr);
		    if (!(k < scm_numsmob))
		      goto sweeperr;
		    m += (scm_smobs[k].free) (scmptr);
		    break;
		  }
		}
	      break;
	    default:
	    sweeperr:scm_wta (scmptr, "unknown type in ", "gc_sweep");
	    }
#if 0
	  if (SCM_CAR (scmptr) == (SCM) scm_tc_free_cell)
	    exit (2);
#endif
	  if (!--left_to_collect)
	    {
	      SCM_SETCAR (scmptr, nfreelist);
	      *freelist->clustertail = scmptr;
	      freelist->clustertail = SCM_CDRLOC (scmptr);

	      nfreelist = SCM_EOL;
	      freelist->collected += span * freelist->cluster_size;
	      left_to_collect = freelist->cluster_size;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      /* Stick the new cell on the front of nfreelist.  It's
		 critical that we mark this cell as freed; otherwise, the
		 conservative collector might trace it as some other type
		 of object.  */
	      SCM_SET_CELL_TYPE (scmptr, scm_tc_free_cell);
	      SCM_SETCDR (scmptr, nfreelist);
	      nfreelist = scmptr;
	    }

	  continue;
	c8mrkcontinue:
	  SCM_CLRGC8MARK (scmptr);
	  continue;
	cmrkcontinue:
	  SCM_CLRGCMARK (scmptr);
	}
#ifdef GC_FREE_SEGMENTS
      if (n == seg_size)
	{
	  register long j;

	  freelist->heap_size -= seg_size;
	  free ((char *) scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0]);
	  scm_heap_table[i].bounds[0] = 0;
	  for (j = i + 1; j < scm_n_heap_segs; j++)
	    scm_heap_table[j - 1] = scm_heap_table[j];
	  scm_n_heap_segs -= 1;
	  i--;		/* We need to scan the segment just moved.  */
	}
      else
#endif /* ifdef GC_FREE_SEGMENTS */
	{
	  /* Update the real freelist pointer to point to the head of
	     the list of free cells we've built for this segment.  */
	  freelist->cells = nfreelist;
	  freelist->left_to_collect = left_to_collect;
	}

#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_FREELIST
      scm_check_freelist (freelist == &scm_master_freelist
			  ? scm_freelist
			  : scm_freelist2);
      scm_map_free_list ();
#endif
    }

  gc_sweep_freelist_finish (&scm_master_freelist);
  gc_sweep_freelist_finish (&scm_master_freelist2);

  /* When we move to POSIX threads private freelists should probably
     be GC-protected instead. */
  scm_freelist = SCM_EOL;
  scm_freelist2 = SCM_EOL;

  scm_cells_allocated = (SCM_HEAP_SIZE - scm_gc_cells_collected);
  scm_gc_yield -= scm_cells_allocated;
  scm_mallocated -= m;
  scm_gc_malloc_collected = m;
}




/* {Front end to malloc}
 *
 * scm_must_malloc, scm_must_realloc, scm_must_free, scm_done_malloc
 *
 * These functions provide services comperable to malloc, realloc, and
 * free.  They are for allocating malloced parts of scheme objects.
 * The primary purpose of the front end is to impose calls to gc.
 */


/* scm_must_malloc
 * Return newly malloced storage or throw an error.
 *
 * The parameter WHAT is a string for error reporting.
 * If the threshold scm_mtrigger will be passed by this
 * allocation, or if the first call to malloc fails,
 * garbage collect -- on the presumption that some objects
 * using malloced storage may be collected.
 *
 * The limit scm_mtrigger may be raised by this allocation.
 */
void *
scm_must_malloc (scm_sizet size, const char *what)
{
  void *ptr;
  unsigned long nm = scm_mallocated + size;

  if (nm <= scm_mtrigger)
    {
      SCM_SYSCALL (ptr = malloc (size));
      if (NULL != ptr)
	{
	  scm_mallocated = nm;
#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_MALLOC
	  scm_malloc_register (ptr, what);
#endif
	  return ptr;
	}
    }

  scm_igc (what);

  nm = scm_mallocated + size;
  SCM_SYSCALL (ptr = malloc (size));
  if (NULL != ptr)
    {
      scm_mallocated = nm;
      if (nm > scm_mtrigger - SCM_MTRIGGER_HYSTERESIS) {
	if (nm > scm_mtrigger)
	  scm_mtrigger = nm + nm / 2;
	else
	  scm_mtrigger += scm_mtrigger / 2;
      }
#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_MALLOC
      scm_malloc_register (ptr, what);
#endif

      return ptr;
    }

  scm_wta (SCM_MAKINUM (size), (char *) SCM_NALLOC, what);
  return 0; /* never reached */
}


/* scm_must_realloc
 * is similar to scm_must_malloc.
 */
void *
scm_must_realloc (void *where,
		  scm_sizet old_size,
		  scm_sizet size,
		  const char *what)
{
  void *ptr;
  scm_sizet nm = scm_mallocated + size - old_size;

  if (nm <= scm_mtrigger)
    {
      SCM_SYSCALL (ptr = realloc (where, size));
      if (NULL != ptr)
	{
	  scm_mallocated = nm;
#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_MALLOC
	  scm_malloc_reregister (where, ptr, what);
#endif
	  return ptr;
	}
    }

  scm_igc (what);

  nm = scm_mallocated + size - old_size;
  SCM_SYSCALL (ptr = realloc (where, size));
  if (NULL != ptr)
    {
      scm_mallocated = nm;
      if (nm > scm_mtrigger - SCM_MTRIGGER_HYSTERESIS) {
	if (nm > scm_mtrigger)
	  scm_mtrigger = nm + nm / 2;
	else
	  scm_mtrigger += scm_mtrigger / 2;
      }
#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_MALLOC
      scm_malloc_reregister (where, ptr, what);
#endif
      return ptr;
    }

  scm_wta (SCM_MAKINUM (size), (char *) SCM_NALLOC, what);
  return 0; /* never reached */
}

void
scm_must_free (void *obj)
{
#ifdef GUILE_DEBUG_MALLOC
  scm_malloc_unregister (obj);
#endif
  if (obj)
    free (obj);
  else
    scm_wta (SCM_INUM0, "already free", "");
}

/* Announce that there has been some malloc done that will be freed
 * during gc.  A typical use is for a smob that uses some malloced
 * memory but can not get it from scm_must_malloc (for whatever
 * reason).  When a new object of this smob is created you call
 * scm_done_malloc with the size of the object.  When your smob free
 * function is called, be sure to include this size in the return
 * value. */

void
scm_done_malloc (long size)
{
  scm_mallocated += size;

  if (scm_mallocated > scm_mtrigger)
    {
      scm_igc ("foreign mallocs");
      if (scm_mallocated > scm_mtrigger - SCM_MTRIGGER_HYSTERESIS)
	{
	  if (scm_mallocated > scm_mtrigger)
	    scm_mtrigger = scm_mallocated + scm_mallocated / 2;
	  else
	    scm_mtrigger += scm_mtrigger / 2;
	}
    }
}




/* {Heap Segments}
 *
 * Each heap segment is an array of objects of a particular size.
 * Every segment has an associated (possibly shared) freelist.
 * A table of segment records is kept that records the upper and
 * lower extents of the segment;  this is used during the conservative
 * phase of gc to identify probably gc roots (because they point
 * into valid segments at reasonable offsets).  */

/* scm_expmem
 * is true if the first segment was smaller than INIT_HEAP_SEG.
 * If scm_expmem is set to one, subsequent segment allocations will
 * allocate segments of size SCM_EXPHEAP(scm_heap_size).
 */
int scm_expmem = 0;

scm_sizet scm_max_segment_size;

/* scm_heap_org
 * is the lowest base address of any heap segment.
 */
SCM_CELLPTR scm_heap_org;

scm_heap_seg_data_t * scm_heap_table = 0;
int scm_n_heap_segs = 0;

/* init_heap_seg
 * initializes a new heap segment and return the number of objects it contains.
 *
 * The segment origin, segment size in bytes, and the span of objects
 * in cells are input parameters.  The freelist is both input and output.
 *
 * This function presume that the scm_heap_table has already been expanded
 * to accomodate a new segment record.
 */


static scm_sizet
init_heap_seg (SCM_CELLPTR seg_org, scm_sizet size, scm_freelist_t *freelist)
{
  register SCM_CELLPTR ptr;
  SCM_CELLPTR seg_end;
  int new_seg_index;
  int n_new_cells;
  int span = freelist->span;

  if (seg_org == NULL)
    return 0;

  ptr = CELL_UP (seg_org, span);

  /* Compute the ceiling on valid object pointers w/in this segment.
   */
  seg_end = CELL_DN ((char *) seg_org + size, span);

  /* Find the right place and insert the segment record.
   *
   */
  for (new_seg_index = 0;
       (   (new_seg_index < scm_n_heap_segs)
	&& SCM_PTR_LE (scm_heap_table[new_seg_index].bounds[0], seg_org));
       new_seg_index++)
    ;

  {
    int i;
    for (i = scm_n_heap_segs; i > new_seg_index; --i)
      scm_heap_table[i] = scm_heap_table[i - 1];
  }

  ++scm_n_heap_segs;

  scm_heap_table[new_seg_index].span = span;
  scm_heap_table[new_seg_index].freelist = freelist;
  scm_heap_table[new_seg_index].bounds[0] = ptr;
  scm_heap_table[new_seg_index].bounds[1] = seg_end;


  /* Compute the least valid object pointer w/in this segment
   */
  ptr = CELL_UP (ptr, span);


  /*n_new_cells*/
  n_new_cells = seg_end - ptr;

  freelist->heap_size += n_new_cells;

  /* Partition objects in this segment into clusters */
  {
    SCM clusters;
    SCM *clusterp = &clusters;
    int n_cluster_cells = span * freelist->cluster_size;

    while (n_new_cells > span) /* at least one spine + one freecell */
      {
	/* Determine end of cluster
	 */
	if (n_new_cells >= n_cluster_cells)
	  {
	    seg_end = ptr + n_cluster_cells;
	    n_new_cells -= n_cluster_cells;
	  }
	else
          /* [cmm] looks like the segment size doesn't divide cleanly by
             cluster size.  bad cmm! */
          abort();

	/* Allocate cluster spine
	 */
	*clusterp = PTR2SCM (ptr);
	SCM_SETCAR (*clusterp, PTR2SCM (ptr + span));
	clusterp = SCM_CDRLOC (*clusterp);
	ptr += span;

	while (ptr < seg_end)
	  {
	    SCM scmptr = PTR2SCM (ptr);

	    SCM_SET_CELL_TYPE (scmptr, scm_tc_free_cell);
	    SCM_SETCDR (scmptr, PTR2SCM (ptr + span));
	    ptr += span;
	  }

	SCM_SETCDR (PTR2SCM (ptr - span), SCM_EOL);
      }

    /* Patch up the last cluster pointer in the segment
     * to join it to the input freelist.
     */
    *clusterp = freelist->clusters;
    freelist->clusters = clusters;
  }

#ifdef DEBUGINFO
  fprintf (stderr, "H");
#endif
  return size;
}

static scm_sizet
round_to_cluster_size (scm_freelist_t *freelist, scm_sizet len)
{
  scm_sizet cluster_size_in_bytes = CLUSTER_SIZE_IN_BYTES (freelist);

  return
    (len + cluster_size_in_bytes - 1) / cluster_size_in_bytes * cluster_size_in_bytes
    + ALIGNMENT_SLACK (freelist);
}

static void
alloc_some_heap (scm_freelist_t *freelist)
{
  scm_heap_seg_data_t * tmptable;
  SCM_CELLPTR ptr;
  long len;

  /* Critical code sections (such as the garbage collector)
   * aren't supposed to add heap segments.
   */
  if (scm_gc_heap_lock)
    scm_wta (SCM_UNDEFINED, "need larger initial", "heap");

  /* Expand the heap tables to have room for the new segment.
   * Do not yet increment scm_n_heap_segs -- that is done by init_heap_seg
   * only if the allocation of the segment itself succeeds.
   */
  len = (1 + scm_n_heap_segs) * sizeof (scm_heap_seg_data_t);

  SCM_SYSCALL (tmptable = ((scm_heap_seg_data_t *)
		       realloc ((char *)scm_heap_table, len)));
  if (!tmptable)
    scm_wta (SCM_UNDEFINED, "could not grow", "hplims");
  else
    scm_heap_table = tmptable;


  /* Pick a size for the new heap segment.
   * The rule for picking the size of a segment is explained in
   * gc.h
   */
  {
    /* Assure that the new segment is predicted to be large enough.
     *
     * New yield should at least equal GC fraction of new heap size, i.e.
     *
     *   y + dh > f * (h + dh)
     *
     *    y : yield
     *    f : min yield fraction
     *    h : heap size
     *   dh : size of new heap segment
     *
     * This gives dh > (f * h - y) / (1 - f)
     */
    int f = freelist->min_yield_fraction;
    long h = SCM_HEAP_SIZE;
    long min_cells = (f * h - 100 * (long) scm_gc_yield) / (99 - f);
    len =  SCM_EXPHEAP (freelist->heap_size);
#ifdef DEBUGINFO
    fprintf (stderr, "(%d < %d)", len, min_cells);
#endif
    if (len < min_cells)
      len = min_cells + freelist->cluster_size;
    len *= sizeof (scm_cell);
    /* force new sampling */
    freelist->collected = LONG_MAX;
  }

  if (len > scm_max_segment_size)
    len = scm_max_segment_size;

  {
    scm_sizet smallest;

    smallest = CLUSTER_SIZE_IN_BYTES (freelist);

    if (len < smallest)
      len = smallest;

    /* Allocate with decaying ambition. */
    while ((len >= SCM_MIN_HEAP_SEG_SIZE)
	   && (len >= smallest))
      {
        scm_sizet rounded_len = round_to_cluster_size (freelist, len);
	SCM_SYSCALL (ptr = (SCM_CELLPTR) malloc (rounded_len));
	if (ptr)
	  {
	    init_heap_seg (ptr, rounded_len, freelist);
	    return;
	  }
	len /= 2;
      }
  }

  scm_wta (SCM_UNDEFINED, "could not grow", "heap");
}


SCM_DEFINE (scm_unhash_name, "unhash-name", 1, 0, 0,
            (SCM name),
	    "")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_unhash_name
{
  int x;
  int bound;
  SCM_VALIDATE_SYMBOL (1,name);
  SCM_DEFER_INTS;
  bound = scm_n_heap_segs;
  for (x = 0; x < bound; ++x)
    {
      SCM_CELLPTR p;
      SCM_CELLPTR pbound;
      p  = scm_heap_table[x].bounds[0];
      pbound = scm_heap_table[x].bounds[1];
      while (p < pbound)
	{
	  SCM cell = PTR2SCM (p);
	  if (SCM_TYP3 (cell) == scm_tc3_cons_gloc)
	    {
	      /* Dirk:FIXME:: Again, super ugly code:  cell may be a gloc or a
	       * struct cell.  See the corresponding comment in scm_gc_mark.
	       */
	      scm_bits_t word0 = SCM_CELL_WORD_0 (cell) - scm_tc3_cons_gloc;
	      SCM gloc_car = SCM_PACK (word0); /* access as gloc */
	      SCM vcell = SCM_CELL_OBJECT_1 (gloc_car);
	      if ((SCM_EQ_P (name, SCM_BOOL_T) || SCM_EQ_P (SCM_CAR (gloc_car), name))
		  && (SCM_UNPACK (vcell) != 0) && (SCM_UNPACK (vcell) != 1))
		{
		  SCM_SET_CELL_OBJECT_0 (cell, name);
		}
	    }
	  ++p;
	}
    }
  SCM_ALLOW_INTS;
  return name;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME



/* {GC Protection Helper Functions}
 */


void
scm_remember (SCM *ptr)
{ /* empty */ }


/*
  These crazy functions prevent garbage collection
  of arguments after the first argument by
  ensuring they remain live throughout the
  function because they are used in the last
  line of the code block.
  It'd be better to have a nice compiler hint to
  aid the conservative stack-scanning GC. --03/09/00 gjb */
SCM
scm_return_first (SCM elt, ...)
{
  return elt;
}

int
scm_return_first_int (int i, ...)
{
  return i;
}


SCM
scm_permanent_object (SCM obj)
{
  SCM_REDEFER_INTS;
  scm_permobjs = scm_cons (obj, scm_permobjs);
  SCM_REALLOW_INTS;
  return obj;
}


/* Protect OBJ from the garbage collector.  OBJ will not be freed, even if all
   other references are dropped, until the object is unprotected by calling
   scm_unprotect_object (OBJ).  Calls to scm_protect/unprotect_object nest,
   i. e. it is possible to protect the same object several times, but it is
   necessary to unprotect the object the same number of times to actually get
   the object unprotected.  It is an error to unprotect an object more often
   than it has been protected before.  The function scm_protect_object returns
   OBJ.
*/

/* Implementation note:  For every object X, there is a counter which
   scm_protect_object(X) increments and scm_unprotect_object(X) decrements.
*/

SCM
scm_protect_object (SCM obj)
{
  SCM handle;
  
  /* This critical section barrier will be replaced by a mutex. */
  SCM_REDEFER_INTS;
  
  handle = scm_hashq_create_handle_x (scm_protects, obj, SCM_MAKINUM (0));
  SCM_SETCDR (handle, SCM_MAKINUM (SCM_INUM (SCM_CDR (handle)) + 1));
  
  SCM_REALLOW_INTS;
  
  return obj;
}


/* Remove any protection for OBJ established by a prior call to
   scm_protect_object.  This function returns OBJ.

   See scm_protect_object for more information.  */
SCM
scm_unprotect_object (SCM obj)
{
  SCM handle;
  
  /* This critical section barrier will be replaced by a mutex. */
  SCM_REDEFER_INTS;
  
  handle = scm_hashq_get_handle (scm_protects, obj);
  
  if (SCM_IMP (handle))
    {
      fprintf (stderr, "scm_unprotect_object called on unprotected object\n");
      abort ();
    }
  else
    {
      unsigned long int count = SCM_INUM (SCM_CDR (handle)) - 1;
      if (count == 0)
	scm_hashq_remove_x (scm_protects, obj);
      else
	SCM_SETCDR (handle, SCM_MAKINUM (count));
    }

  SCM_REALLOW_INTS;

  return obj;
}

int terminating;

/* called on process termination.  */
#ifdef HAVE_ATEXIT
static void
cleanup (void)
#else
#ifdef HAVE_ON_EXIT
extern int on_exit (void (*procp) (), int arg);

static void
cleanup (int status, void *arg)
#else
#error Dont know how to setup a cleanup handler on your system.
#endif
#endif
{
  terminating = 1;
  scm_flush_all_ports ();
}


static int
make_initial_segment (scm_sizet init_heap_size, scm_freelist_t *freelist)
{
  scm_sizet rounded_size = round_to_cluster_size (freelist, init_heap_size);
  if (!init_heap_seg ((SCM_CELLPTR) malloc (rounded_size),
		      rounded_size,
		      freelist))
    {
      rounded_size = round_to_cluster_size (freelist, SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE);
      if (!init_heap_seg ((SCM_CELLPTR) malloc (rounded_size),
			  rounded_size,
			  freelist))
	return 1;
    }
  else
    scm_expmem = 1;

  if (freelist->min_yield_fraction)
    freelist->min_yield = (freelist->heap_size * freelist->min_yield_fraction
			    / 100);
  freelist->grow_heap_p = (freelist->heap_size < freelist->min_yield);

  return 0;
}


static void
init_freelist (scm_freelist_t *freelist,
	       int span,
	       int cluster_size,
	       int min_yield)
{
  freelist->clusters = SCM_EOL;
  freelist->cluster_size = cluster_size + 1;
  freelist->left_to_collect = 0;
  freelist->clusters_allocated = 0;
  freelist->min_yield = 0;
  freelist->min_yield_fraction = min_yield;
  freelist->span = span;
  freelist->collected = 0;
  freelist->collected_1 = 0;
  freelist->heap_size = 0;
}

int
scm_init_storage (scm_sizet init_heap_size_1, int gc_trigger_1,
		  scm_sizet init_heap_size_2, int gc_trigger_2,
		  scm_sizet max_segment_size)
{
  scm_sizet j;

  if (!init_heap_size_1)
    init_heap_size_1 = scm_default_init_heap_size_1;
  if (!init_heap_size_2)
    init_heap_size_2 = scm_default_init_heap_size_2;

  j = SCM_NUM_PROTECTS;
  while (j)
    scm_sys_protects[--j] = SCM_BOOL_F;
  scm_block_gc = 1;

  scm_freelist = SCM_EOL;
  scm_freelist2 = SCM_EOL;
  init_freelist (&scm_master_freelist,
		 1, SCM_CLUSTER_SIZE_1,
		 gc_trigger_1 ? gc_trigger_1 : scm_default_min_yield_1);
  init_freelist (&scm_master_freelist2,
		 2, SCM_CLUSTER_SIZE_2,
		 gc_trigger_2 ? gc_trigger_2 : scm_default_min_yield_2);
  scm_max_segment_size
    = max_segment_size ? max_segment_size : scm_default_max_segment_size;

  scm_expmem = 0;

  j = SCM_HEAP_SEG_SIZE;
  scm_mtrigger = SCM_INIT_MALLOC_LIMIT;
  scm_heap_table = ((scm_heap_seg_data_t *)
		    scm_must_malloc (sizeof (scm_heap_seg_data_t) * 2, "hplims"));

  if (make_initial_segment (init_heap_size_1, &scm_master_freelist) ||
      make_initial_segment (init_heap_size_2, &scm_master_freelist2))
    return 1;

  /* scm_hplims[0] can change. do not remove scm_heap_org */
  scm_heap_org = CELL_UP (scm_heap_table[0].bounds[0], 1);

  scm_c_hook_init (&scm_before_gc_c_hook, 0, SCM_C_HOOK_NORMAL);
  scm_c_hook_init (&scm_before_mark_c_hook, 0, SCM_C_HOOK_NORMAL);
  scm_c_hook_init (&scm_before_sweep_c_hook, 0, SCM_C_HOOK_NORMAL);
  scm_c_hook_init (&scm_after_sweep_c_hook, 0, SCM_C_HOOK_NORMAL);
  scm_c_hook_init (&scm_after_gc_c_hook, 0, SCM_C_HOOK_NORMAL);

  /* Initialise the list of ports.  */
  scm_port_table = (scm_port **)
    malloc (sizeof (scm_port *) * scm_port_table_room);
  if (!scm_port_table)
    return 1;

#ifdef HAVE_ATEXIT
  atexit (cleanup);
#else
#ifdef HAVE_ON_EXIT
  on_exit (cleanup, 0);
#endif
#endif

  scm_undefineds = scm_cons (SCM_UNDEFINED, SCM_EOL);
  SCM_SETCDR (scm_undefineds, scm_undefineds);

  scm_listofnull = scm_cons (SCM_EOL, SCM_EOL);
  scm_nullstr = scm_makstr (0L, 0);
  scm_nullvect = scm_make_vector (SCM_INUM0, SCM_UNDEFINED);
  scm_symhash = scm_make_vector (SCM_MAKINUM (scm_symhash_dim), SCM_EOL);
  scm_weak_symhash = scm_make_weak_key_hash_table (SCM_MAKINUM (scm_symhash_dim));
  scm_symhash_vars = scm_make_vector (SCM_MAKINUM (scm_symhash_dim), SCM_EOL);
  scm_stand_in_procs = SCM_EOL;
  scm_permobjs = SCM_EOL;
  scm_protects = scm_make_vector (SCM_MAKINUM (31), SCM_EOL);
  scm_asyncs = SCM_EOL;
  scm_sysintern ("most-positive-fixnum", SCM_MAKINUM (SCM_MOST_POSITIVE_FIXNUM));
  scm_sysintern ("most-negative-fixnum", SCM_MAKINUM (SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM));
#ifdef SCM_BIGDIG
  scm_sysintern ("bignum-radix", SCM_MAKINUM (SCM_BIGRAD));
#endif
  return 0;
}


void
scm_init_gc ()
{
  scm_after_gc_hook = scm_create_hook ("after-gc-hook", 0);
#include "libguile/gc.x"
}

/*
  Local Variables:
  c-file-style: "gnu"
  End:
*/