Nim/lib/pure/colors.nim

#
#            Nim's Runtime Library
#        (c) Copyright 2010 Andreas Rumpf
#
#    See the file "copying.txt", included in this
#    distribution, for details about the copyright.
#

## This module implements color handling for Nim,
## namely color mixing and parsing the CSS color names.

import strutils
from algorithm import binarySearch

type
  Color* = distinct int ## A color stored as RGB, e.g. `0xff00cc`.

proc `==`*(a, b: Color): bool {.borrow.}
  ## Compares two colors.
  ##
  ##   ```Nim
  ##   var
  ##     a = Color(0xff_00_ff)
  ##     b = colFuchsia
  ##     c = Color(0x00_ff_cc)
  ##   assert a == b
  ##   assert not (a == c)
  ##   ```

template extract(a: Color, r, g, b: untyped) =
  var r = a.int shr 16 and 0xff
  var g = a.int shr 8 and 0xff
  var b = a.int and 0xff

template rawRGB(r, g, b: int): Color =
  Color(r shl 16 or g shl 8 or b)

template colorOp(op): Color =
  extract(a, ar, ag, ab)
  extract(b, br, bg, bb)
  rawRGB(op(ar, br), op(ag, bg), op(ab, bb))

proc satPlus(a, b: int): int {.inline.} =
  result = a +% b
  if result > 255: result = 255

proc satMinus(a, b: int): int {.inline.} =
  result = a -% b
  if result < 0: result = 0

proc `+`*(a, b: Color): Color =
  ## Adds two colors.
  ##
  ## This uses saturated arithmetic, so that each color
  ## component cannot overflow (255 is used as a maximum).
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    var
      a = Color(0xaa_00_ff)
      b = Color(0x11_cc_cc)
    assert a + b == Color(0xbb_cc_ff)

  colorOp(satPlus)

proc `-`*(a, b: Color): Color =
  ## Subtracts two colors.
  ##
  ## This uses saturated arithmetic, so that each color
  ## component cannot underflow (0 is used as a minimum).
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    var
      a = Color(0xff_33_ff)
      b = Color(0x11_ff_cc)
    assert a - b == Color(0xee_00_33)

  colorOp(satMinus)

proc extractRGB*(a: Color): tuple[r, g, b: range[0..255]] =
  ## Extracts the red/green/blue components of the color `a`.
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    var
      a = Color(0xff_00_ff)
      b = Color(0x00_ff_cc)
    type
      Col = range[0..255]
    # assert extractRGB(a) == (r: 255.Col, g: 0.Col, b: 255.Col)
    # assert extractRGB(b) == (r: 0.Col, g: 255.Col, b: 204.Col)
    echo extractRGB(a)
    echo typeof(extractRGB(a))
    echo extractRGB(b)
    echo typeof(extractRGB(b))

  result.r = a.int shr 16 and 0xff
  result.g = a.int shr 8 and 0xff
  result.b = a.int and 0xff

proc intensity*(a: Color, f: float): Color =
  ## Returns `a` with intensity `f`. `f` should be a float from 0.0 (completely
  ## dark) to 1.0 (full color intensity).
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    var
      a = Color(0xff_00_ff)
      b = Color(0x00_42_cc)
    assert a.intensity(0.5) == Color(0x80_00_80)
    assert b.intensity(0.5) == Color(0x00_21_66)

  var r = toInt(toFloat(a.int shr 16 and 0xff) * f)
  var g = toInt(toFloat(a.int shr 8 and 0xff) * f)
  var b = toInt(toFloat(a.int and 0xff) * f)
  if r >% 255: r = 255
  if g >% 255: g = 255
  if b >% 255: b = 255
  result = rawRGB(r, g, b)

template mix*(a, b: Color, fn: untyped): untyped =
  ## Uses `fn` to mix the colors `a` and `b`.
  ##
  ## `fn` is invoked for each component R, G, and B.
  ## If `fn`'s result is not in the `range[0..255]`,
  ## it will be saturated to be so.
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    var
      a = Color(0x0a2814)
      b = Color(0x050a03)

    proc myMix(x, y: int): int =
      2 * x - 3 * y

    assert mix(a, b, myMix) == Color(0x05_32_1f)

  template `><` (x: untyped): untyped =
    # keep it in the range 0..255
    block:
      var y = x # eval only once
      if y >% 255:
        y = if y < 0: 0 else: 255
      y

  extract(a, ar, ag, ab)
  extract(b, br, bg, bb)
  rawRGB(><fn(ar, br), ><fn(ag, bg), ><fn(ab, bb))


const
  colAliceBlue* = Color(0xF0F8FF)
  colAntiqueWhite* = Color(0xFAEBD7)
  colAqua* = Color(0x00FFFF)
  colAquamarine* = Color(0x7FFFD4)
  colAzure* = Color(0xF0FFFF)
  colBeige* = Color(0xF5F5DC)
  colBisque* = Color(0xFFE4C4)
  colBlack* = Color(0x000000)
  colBlanchedAlmond* = Color(0xFFEBCD)
  colBlue* = Color(0x0000FF)
  colBlueViolet* = Color(0x8A2BE2)
  colBrown* = Color(0xA52A2A)
  colBurlyWood* = Color(0xDEB887)
  colCadetBlue* = Color(0x5F9EA0)
  colChartreuse* = Color(0x7FFF00)
  colChocolate* = Color(0xD2691E)
  colCoral* = Color(0xFF7F50)
  colCornflowerBlue* = Color(0x6495ED)
  colCornsilk* = Color(0xFFF8DC)
  colCrimson* = Color(0xDC143C)
  colCyan* = Color(0x00FFFF)
  colDarkBlue* = Color(0x00008B)
  colDarkCyan* = Color(0x008B8B)
  colDarkGoldenRod* = Color(0xB8860B)
  colDarkGray* = Color(0xA9A9A9)
  colDarkGreen* = Color(0x006400)
  colDarkGrey* = Color(0xA9A9A9)
  colDarkKhaki* = Color(0xBDB76B)
  colDarkMagenta* = Color(0x8B008B)
  colDarkOliveGreen* = Color(0x556B2F)
  colDarkorange* = Color(0xFF8C00)
  colDarkOrchid* = Color(0x9932CC)
  colDarkRed* = Color(0x8B0000)
  colDarkSalmon* = Color(0xE9967A)
  colDarkSeaGreen* = Color(0x8FBC8F)
  colDarkSlateBlue* = Color(0x483D8B)
  colDarkSlateGray* = Color(0x2F4F4F)
  colDarkSlateGrey* = Color(0x2F4F4F)
  colDarkTurquoise* = Color(0x00CED1)
  colDarkViolet* = Color(0x9400D3)
  colDeepPink* = Color(0xFF1493)
  colDeepSkyBlue* = Color(0x00BFFF)
  colDimGray* = Color(0x696969)
  colDimGrey* = Color(0x696969)
  colDodgerBlue* = Color(0x1E90FF)
  colFireBrick* = Color(0xB22222)
  colFloralWhite* = Color(0xFFFAF0)
  colForestGreen* = Color(0x228B22)
  colFuchsia* = Color(0xFF00FF)
  colGainsboro* = Color(0xDCDCDC)
  colGhostWhite* = Color(0xF8F8FF)
  colGold* = Color(0xFFD700)
  colGoldenRod* = Color(0xDAA520)
  colGray* = Color(0x808080)
  colGreen* = Color(0x008000)
  colGreenYellow* = Color(0xADFF2F)
  colGrey* = Color(0x808080)
  colHoneyDew* = Color(0xF0FFF0)
  colHotPink* = Color(0xFF69B4)
  colIndianRed* = Color(0xCD5C5C)
  colIndigo* = Color(0x4B0082)
  colIvory* = Color(0xFFFFF0)
  colKhaki* = Color(0xF0E68C)
  colLavender* = Color(0xE6E6FA)
  colLavenderBlush* = Color(0xFFF0F5)
  colLawnGreen* = Color(0x7CFC00)
  colLemonChiffon* = Color(0xFFFACD)
  colLightBlue* = Color(0xADD8E6)
  colLightCoral* = Color(0xF08080)
  colLightCyan* = Color(0xE0FFFF)
  colLightGoldenRodYellow* = Color(0xFAFAD2)
  colLightGray* = Color(0xD3D3D3)
  colLightGreen* = Color(0x90EE90)
  colLightGrey* = Color(0xD3D3D3)
  colLightPink* = Color(0xFFB6C1)
  colLightSalmon* = Color(0xFFA07A)
  colLightSeaGreen* = Color(0x20B2AA)
  colLightSkyBlue* = Color(0x87CEFA)
  colLightSlateGray* = Color(0x778899)
  colLightSlateGrey* = Color(0x778899)
  colLightSteelBlue* = Color(0xB0C4DE)
  colLightYellow* = Color(0xFFFFE0)
  colLime* = Color(0x00FF00)
  colLimeGreen* = Color(0x32CD32)
  colLinen* = Color(0xFAF0E6)
  colMagenta* = Color(0xFF00FF)
  colMaroon* = Color(0x800000)
  colMediumAquaMarine* = Color(0x66CDAA)
  colMediumBlue* = Color(0x0000CD)
  colMediumOrchid* = Color(0xBA55D3)
  colMediumPurple* = Color(0x9370DB)
  colMediumSeaGreen* = Color(0x3CB371)
  colMediumSlateBlue* = Color(0x7B68EE)
  colMediumSpringGreen* = Color(0x00FA9A)
  colMediumTurquoise* = Color(0x48D1CC)
  colMediumVioletRed* = Color(0xC71585)
  colMidnightBlue* = Color(0x191970)
  colMintCream* = Color(0xF5FFFA)
  colMistyRose* = Color(0xFFE4E1)
  colMoccasin* = Color(0xFFE4B5)
  colNavajoWhite* = Color(0xFFDEAD)
  colNavy* = Color(0x000080)
  colOldLace* = Color(0xFDF5E6)
  colOlive* = Color(0x808000)
  colOliveDrab* = Color(0x6B8E23)
  colOrange* = Color(0xFFA500)
  colOrangeRed* = Color(0xFF4500)
  colOrchid* = Color(0xDA70D6)
  colPaleGoldenRod* = Color(0xEEE8AA)
  colPaleGreen* = Color(0x98FB98)
  colPaleTurquoise* = Color(0xAFEEEE)
  colPaleVioletRed* = Color(0xDB7093)
  colPapayaWhip* = Color(0xFFEFD5)
  colPeachPuff* = Color(0xFFDAB9)
  colPeru* = Color(0xCD853F)
  colPink* = Color(0xFFC0CB)
  colPlum* = Color(0xDDA0DD)
  colPowderBlue* = Color(0xB0E0E6)
  colPurple* = Color(0x800080)
  colRebeccaPurple* = Color(0x663399)
  colRed* = Color(0xFF0000)
  colRosyBrown* = Color(0xBC8F8F)
  colRoyalBlue* = Color(0x4169E1)
  colSaddleBrown* = Color(0x8B4513)
  colSalmon* = Color(0xFA8072)
  colSandyBrown* = Color(0xF4A460)
  colSeaGreen* = Color(0x2E8B57)
  colSeaShell* = Color(0xFFF5EE)
  colSienna* = Color(0xA0522D)
  colSilver* = Color(0xC0C0C0)
  colSkyBlue* = Color(0x87CEEB)
  colSlateBlue* = Color(0x6A5ACD)
  colSlateGray* = Color(0x708090)
  colSlateGrey* = Color(0x708090)
  colSnow* = Color(0xFFFAFA)
  colSpringGreen* = Color(0x00FF7F)
  colSteelBlue* = Color(0x4682B4)
  colTan* = Color(0xD2B48C)
  colTeal* = Color(0x008080)
  colThistle* = Color(0xD8BFD8)
  colTomato* = Color(0xFF6347)
  colTurquoise* = Color(0x40E0D0)
  colViolet* = Color(0xEE82EE)
  colWheat* = Color(0xF5DEB3)
  colWhite* = Color(0xFFFFFF)
  colWhiteSmoke* = Color(0xF5F5F5)
  colYellow* = Color(0xFFFF00)
  colYellowGreen* = Color(0x9ACD32)

  colorNames = {
    "aliceblue": colAliceBlue,
    "antiquewhite": colAntiqueWhite,
    "aqua": colAqua,
    "aquamarine": colAquamarine,
    "azure": colAzure,
    "beige": colBeige,
    "bisque": colBisque,
    "black": colBlack,
    "blanchedalmond": colBlanchedAlmond,
    "blue": colBlue,
    "blueviolet": colBlueViolet,
    "brown": colBrown,
    "burlywood": colBurlyWood,
    "cadetblue": colCadetBlue,
    "chartreuse": colChartreuse,
    "chocolate": colChocolate,
    "coral": colCoral,
    "cornflowerblue": colCornflowerBlue,
    "cornsilk": colCornsilk,
    "crimson": colCrimson,
    "cyan": colCyan,
    "darkblue": colDarkBlue,
    "darkcyan": colDarkCyan,
    "darkgoldenrod": colDarkGoldenRod,
    "darkgray": colDarkGray,
    "darkgreen": colDarkGreen,
    "darkgrey": colDarkGrey,
    "darkkhaki": colDarkKhaki,
    "darkmagenta": colDarkMagenta,
    "darkolivegreen": colDarkOliveGreen,
    "darkorange": colDarkorange,
    "darkorchid": colDarkOrchid,
    "darkred": colDarkRed,
    "darksalmon": colDarkSalmon,
    "darkseagreen": colDarkSeaGreen,
    "darkslateblue": colDarkSlateBlue,
    "darkslategray": colDarkSlateGray,
    "darkslategrey": colDarkSlateGrey,
    "darkturquoise": colDarkTurquoise,
    "darkviolet": colDarkViolet,
    "deeppink": colDeepPink,
    "deepskyblue": colDeepSkyBlue,
    "dimgray": colDimGray,
    "dimgrey": colDimGrey,
    "dodgerblue": colDodgerBlue,
    "firebrick": colFireBrick,
    "floralwhite": colFloralWhite,
    "forestgreen": colForestGreen,
    "fuchsia": colFuchsia,
    "gainsboro": colGainsboro,
    "ghostwhite": colGhostWhite,
    "gold": colGold,
    "goldenrod": colGoldenRod,
    "gray": colGray,
    "green": colGreen,
    "greenyellow": colGreenYellow,
    "grey": colGrey,
    "honeydew": colHoneyDew,
    "hotpink": colHotPink,
    "indianred": colIndianRed,
    "indigo": colIndigo,
    "ivory": colIvory,
    "khaki": colKhaki,
    "lavender": colLavender,
    "lavenderblush": colLavenderBlush,
    "lawngreen": colLawnGreen,
    "lemonchiffon": colLemonChiffon,
    "lightblue": colLightBlue,
    "lightcoral": colLightCoral,
    "lightcyan": colLightCyan,
    "lightgoldenrodyellow": colLightGoldenRodYellow,
    "lightgray": colLightGray,
    "lightgreen": colLightGreen,
    "lightgrey": colLightGrey,
    "lightpink": colLightPink,
    "lightsalmon": colLightSalmon,
    "lightseagreen": colLightSeaGreen,
    "lightskyblue": colLightSkyBlue,
    "lightslategray": colLightSlateGray,
    "lightslategrey": colLightSlateGrey,
    "lightsteelblue": colLightSteelBlue,
    "lightyellow": colLightYellow,
    "lime": colLime,
    "limegreen": colLimeGreen,
    "linen": colLinen,
    "magenta": colMagenta,
    "maroon": colMaroon,
    "mediumaquamarine": colMediumAquaMarine,
    "mediumblue": colMediumBlue,
    "mediumorchid": colMediumOrchid,
    "mediumpurple": colMediumPurple,
    "mediumseagreen": colMediumSeaGreen,
    "mediumslateblue": colMediumSlateBlue,
    "mediumspringgreen": colMediumSpringGreen,
    "mediumturquoise": colMediumTurquoise,
    "mediumvioletred": colMediumVioletRed,
    "midnightblue": colMidnightBlue,
    "mintcream": colMintCream,
    "mistyrose": colMistyRose,
    "moccasin": colMoccasin,
    "navajowhite": colNavajoWhite,
    "navy": colNavy,
    "oldlace": colOldLace,
    "olive": colOlive,
    "olivedrab": colOliveDrab,
    "orange": colOrange,
    "orangered": colOrangeRed,
    "orchid": colOrchid,
    "palegoldenrod": colPaleGoldenRod,
    "palegreen": colPaleGreen,
    "paleturquoise": colPaleTurquoise,
    "palevioletred": colPaleVioletRed,
    "papayawhip": colPapayaWhip,
    "peachpuff": colPeachPuff,
    "peru": colPeru,
    "pink": colPink,
    "plum": colPlum,
    "powderblue": colPowderBlue,
    "purple": colPurple,
    "rebeccapurple": colRebeccaPurple,
    "red": colRed,
    "rosybrown": colRosyBrown,
    "royalblue": colRoyalBlue,
    "saddlebrown": colSaddleBrown,
    "salmon": colSalmon,
    "sandybrown": colSandyBrown,
    "seagreen": colSeaGreen,
    "seashell": colSeaShell,
    "sienna": colSienna,
    "silver": colSilver,
    "skyblue": colSkyBlue,
    "slateblue": colSlateBlue,
    "slategray": colSlateGray,
    "slategrey": colSlateGrey,
    "snow": colSnow,
    "springgreen": colSpringGreen,
    "steelblue": colSteelBlue,
    "tan": colTan,
    "teal": colTeal,
    "thistle": colThistle,
    "tomato": colTomato,
    "turquoise": colTurquoise,
    "violet": colViolet,
    "wheat": colWheat,
    "white": colWhite,
    "whitesmoke": colWhiteSmoke,
    "yellow": colYellow,
    "yellowgreen": colYellowGreen}

proc `$`*(c: Color): string =
  ## Converts a color into its textual representation.
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    assert $colFuchsia == "#FF00FF"
  result = '#' & toHex(int(c), 6)

proc colorNameCmp(x: tuple[name: string, col: Color], y: string): int =
  result = cmpIgnoreCase(x.name, y)

proc parseColor*(name: string): Color =
  ## Parses `name` to a color value.
  ##
  ## If no valid color could be parsed `ValueError` is raised.
  ## Case insensitive.
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    var
      a = "silver"
      b = "#0179fc"
      c = "#zzmmtt"
    assert parseColor(a) == Color(0xc0_c0_c0)
    assert parseColor(b) == Color(0x01_79_fc)
    doAssertRaises(ValueError): discard parseColor(c)

  if name.len > 0 and name[0] == '#':
    result = Color(parseHexInt(name))
  else:
    var idx = binarySearch(colorNames, name, colorNameCmp)
    if idx < 0: raise newException(ValueError, "unknown color: " & name)
    result = colorNames[idx][1]

proc isColor*(name: string): bool =
  ## Returns true if `name` is a known color name or a hexadecimal color
  ## prefixed with `#`. Case insensitive.
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    var
      a = "silver"
      b = "#0179fc"
      c = "#zzmmtt"
    assert a.isColor
    assert b.isColor
    assert not c.isColor

  if name.len == 0: return false
  if name[0] == '#':
    for i in 1 .. name.len-1:
      if name[i] notin HexDigits: return false
    result = true
  else:
    result = binarySearch(colorNames, name, colorNameCmp) >= 0

proc rgb*(r, g, b: range[0..255]): Color =
  ## Constructs a color from RGB values.
  ##
  runnableExamples:
    assert rgb(0, 255, 128) == Color(0x00_ff_80)

  result = rawRGB(r, g, b)