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      <h1 class="title">std/typedthreads</h1>
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  <li><a class="reference" id="examples_toc" href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
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  <a class="reference reference-toplevel" href="#6" id="56">Imports</a>
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    <summary><a class="reference reference-toplevel" href="#12" id="62">Procs</a></summary>
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      <ul class="simple nested-toc-section">createThread
  <li><a class="reference" href="#createThread%2CThread%5Bvoid%5D%2Cproc%29" title="createThread(t: var Thread[void]; tp: proc () {.thread, nimcall.})">createThread(t: var Thread[void]; tp: proc () {.thread, nimcall.})</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#createThread%2CThread%5BTArg%5D%2Cproc%28TArg%29%2CTArg" title="createThread[TArg](t: var Thread[TArg]; tp: proc (arg: TArg) {.thread, nimcall.};
                   param: TArg)">createThread[TArg](t: var Thread[TArg]; tp: proc (arg: TArg) {.thread, nimcall.};
                   param: TArg)</a></li>

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<ul class="simple nested-toc-section">handle
  <li><a class="reference" href="#handle%2CThread%5BTArg%5D" title="handle[TArg](t: Thread[TArg]): SysThread">handle[TArg](t: Thread[TArg]): SysThread</a></li>

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<ul class="simple nested-toc-section">joinThread
  <li><a class="reference" href="#joinThread%2CThread%5BTArg%5D" title="joinThread[TArg](t: Thread[TArg])">joinThread[TArg](t: Thread[TArg])</a></li>

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<ul class="simple nested-toc-section">joinThreads
  <li><a class="reference" href="#joinThreads%2Cvarargs%5BThread%5BTArg%5D%5D" title="joinThreads[TArg](t: varargs[Thread[TArg]])">joinThreads[TArg](t: varargs[Thread[TArg]])</a></li>

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<ul class="simple nested-toc-section">pinToCpu
  <li><a class="reference" href="#pinToCpu%2CThread%5BArg%5D%2CNatural" title="pinToCpu[Arg](t: var Thread[Arg]; cpu: Natural)">pinToCpu[Arg](t: var Thread[Arg]; cpu: Natural)</a></li>

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<ul class="simple nested-toc-section">running
  <li><a class="reference" href="#running%2CThread%5BTArg%5D" title="running[TArg](t: Thread[TArg]): bool">running[TArg](t: Thread[TArg]): bool</a></li>

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    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L1" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L1" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

    <div id="tocRoot"></div>
    
    <p class="module-desc"><p>Thread support for Nim. Threads allow multiple functions to execute concurrently.</p>
<p>In Nim, threads are a low-level construct and using a library like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">malebolgia</span></span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">taskpools</span></span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">weave</span></span></tt> is recommended.</p>
<p>When creating a thread, you can pass arguments to it. As Nim's garbage collector does not use atomic references, sharing <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Keyword">ref</span></span></tt> and other variables managed by the garbage collector between threads is not supported. Use global variables to do so, or pointers.</p>
<p>Memory allocated using <a class="reference external" href="./system.html#allocShared.t%2CNatural">`sharedAlloc`</a> can be used and shared between threads.</p>
<p>To communicate between threads, consider using <a class="reference external" href="./system.html#Channel">channels</a></p>

<h1><a class="toc-backref" id="examples" href="#examples">Examples</a></h1><p><pre class="listing"><span class="Keyword">import</span> <span class="Identifier">std</span><span class="Operator">/</span><span class="Identifier">locks</span>

<span class="Keyword">var</span>
  <span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Identifier">array</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="FloatNumber">0.</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="DecNumber">4</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span> <span class="Identifier">Thread</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Keyword">tuple</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Identifier">a</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span><span class="Identifier">b</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Identifier">int</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span>
  <span class="Identifier">L</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Identifier">Lock</span>

<span class="Keyword">proc</span> <span class="Identifier">threadFunc</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">interval</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Keyword">tuple</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Identifier">a</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span><span class="Identifier">b</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Identifier">int</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span> <span class="Punctuation">{</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">thread</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Punctuation">}</span> <span class="Operator">=</span>
  <span class="Keyword">for</span> <span class="Identifier">i</span> <span class="Keyword">in</span> <span class="Identifier">interval</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">a</span><span class="Operator">..</span><span class="Identifier">interval</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">b</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="Identifier">acquire</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">L</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span> <span class="Comment"># lock stdout</span>
    <span class="Identifier">echo</span> <span class="Identifier">i</span>
    <span class="Identifier">release</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">L</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>

<span class="Identifier">initLock</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">L</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>

<span class="Keyword">for</span> <span class="Identifier">i</span> <span class="Keyword">in</span> <span class="FloatNumber">0.</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">high</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span>
  <span class="Identifier">createThread</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Identifier">i</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span> <span class="Identifier">threadFunc</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span> <span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">i</span><span class="Operator">*</span><span class="DecNumber">10</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span> <span class="Identifier">i</span><span class="Operator">*</span><span class="DecNumber">10</span><span class="Operator">+</span><span class="DecNumber">5</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>
<span class="Identifier">joinThreads</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>

<span class="Identifier">deinitLock</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">L</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span></pre></p>
<p>When using a memory management strategy that supports shared heaps like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">arc</span></span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">boehm</span></span></tt>, you can pass pointer to threads and share memory between them, but the memory must outlive the thread. The default memory management strategy, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">orc</span></span></tt>, supports this. The example below is <strong>not valid</strong> for memory management strategies that use local heaps like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">refc</span></span></tt>!</p>
<p><pre class="listing"><span class="Keyword">import</span> <span class="Identifier">locks</span>

<span class="Keyword">var</span> <span class="Identifier">l</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Identifier">Lock</span>

<span class="Keyword">proc</span> <span class="Identifier">threadFunc</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">obj</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Keyword">ptr</span> <span class="Identifier">seq</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Identifier">int</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span> <span class="Punctuation">{</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">thread</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Punctuation">}</span> <span class="Operator">=</span>
  <span class="Identifier">withLock</span> <span class="Identifier">l</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="Keyword">for</span> <span class="Identifier">i</span> <span class="Keyword">in</span> <span class="FloatNumber">0.</span><span class="Operator">.&lt;</span><span class="DecNumber">100</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span>
      <span class="Identifier">obj</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">add</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">obj</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">len</span> <span class="Operator">*</span> <span class="Identifier">obj</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">len</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>

<span class="Keyword">proc</span> <span class="Identifier">threadHandler</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span> <span class="Operator">=</span>
  <span class="Keyword">var</span> <span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span> <span class="Identifier">array</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="FloatNumber">0.</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="DecNumber">4</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span> <span class="Identifier">Thread</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Keyword">ptr</span> <span class="Identifier">seq</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Identifier">int</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span>
  <span class="Keyword">var</span> <span class="Identifier">s</span> <span class="Operator">=</span> <span class="Identifier">newSeq</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Identifier">int</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>
  
  <span class="Keyword">for</span> <span class="Identifier">i</span> <span class="Keyword">in</span> <span class="FloatNumber">0.</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Identifier">high</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span><span class="Punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="Identifier">createThread</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">[</span><span class="Identifier">i</span><span class="Punctuation">]</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span> <span class="Identifier">threadFunc</span><span class="Punctuation">,</span> <span class="Identifier">s</span><span class="Operator">.</span><span class="Keyword">addr</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>
  <span class="Identifier">joinThreads</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">thr</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>
  <span class="Identifier">echo</span> <span class="Identifier">s</span>

<span class="Identifier">initLock</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">l</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>
<span class="Identifier">threadHandler</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span>
<span class="Identifier">deinitLock</span><span class="Punctuation">(</span><span class="Identifier">l</span><span class="Punctuation">)</span></pre> </p>
</p>
    <div class="section" id="6">
  <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#6">Imports</a></h1>
  <dl class="item">
    <a class="reference external" href="threadtypes.html">threadtypes</a>, <a class="reference external" href="ansi_c.html">ansi_c</a>, <a class="reference external" href="assertions.html">assertions</a>
  </dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="12">
  <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#12">Procs</a></h1>
  <dl class="item">
    <div id="createThread-procs-all">
  <div id="createThread,Thread[void],proc)">
  <dt><pre><span class="Keyword">proc</span> <a href="#createThread%2CThread%5Bvoid%5D%2Cproc%29"><span class="Identifier">createThread</span></a><span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">t</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Keyword">var</span> <a href="threadtypes.html#Thread"><span class="Identifier">Thread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><a href="system.html#void"><span class="Identifier">void</span></a><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">;</span> <span class="Identifier">tp</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Keyword">proc</span> <span class="Other">(</span><span class="Other">)</span> {.<span class="Identifier">thread</span><span class="Other">,</span> <span class="Identifier">nimcall</span>.}<span class="Other">)</span> {.
    <span><span class="Other pragmadots">...</span></span><span class="pragmawrap"><span class="Identifier">raises</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">ResourceExhaustedError</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">,</span> <span class="Identifier">tags</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Other">[</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">,</span> <span class="Identifier">forbids</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Other">[</span><span class="Other">]</span></span>.}</pre></dt>
  <dd>
    
    
    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L303" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L303" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

  </dd>
</div>
<div id="createThread,Thread[TArg],proc(TArg),TArg">
  <dt><pre><span class="Keyword">proc</span> <a href="#createThread%2CThread%5BTArg%5D%2Cproc%28TArg%29%2CTArg"><span class="Identifier">createThread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">t</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Keyword">var</span> <a href="threadtypes.html#Thread"><span class="Identifier">Thread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">;</span>
                        <span class="Identifier">tp</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Keyword">proc</span> <span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">arg</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">)</span> {.<span class="Identifier">thread</span><span class="Other">,</span> <span class="Identifier">nimcall</span>.}<span class="Other">;</span> <span class="Identifier">param</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">)</span></pre></dt>
  <dd>
    
    <p>Creates a new thread <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">t</span></span></tt> and starts its execution.</p>
<p>Entry point is the proc <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">tp</span></span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">param</span></span></tt> is passed to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">tp</span></span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">TArg</span></span></tt> can be <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">void</span></span></tt> if you don't need to pass any data to the thread.</p>

    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L261" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L261" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

  </dd>
</div>

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<div id="handle-procs-all">
  <div id="handle,Thread[TArg]">
  <dt><pre><span class="Keyword">proc</span> <a href="#handle%2CThread%5BTArg%5D"><span class="Identifier">handle</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">t</span><span class="Other">:</span> <a href="threadtypes.html#Thread"><span class="Identifier">Thread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">)</span><span class="Other">:</span> <a href="threadtypes.html#SysThread"><span class="Identifier">SysThread</span></a> {.<span class="Identifier">inline</span>.}</pre></dt>
  <dd>
    
    Returns the thread handle of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">t</span></span></tt>.
    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L156" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L156" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

  </dd>
</div>

</div>
<div id="joinThread-procs-all">
  <div id="joinThread,Thread[TArg]">
  <dt><pre><span class="Keyword">proc</span> <a href="#joinThread%2CThread%5BTArg%5D"><span class="Identifier">joinThread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">t</span><span class="Other">:</span> <a href="threadtypes.html#Thread"><span class="Identifier">Thread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">)</span> {.<span class="Identifier">inline</span>.}</pre></dt>
  <dd>
    
    Waits for the thread <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">t</span></span></tt> to finish.
    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L187" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L187" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

  </dd>
</div>

</div>
<div id="joinThreads-procs-all">
  <div id="joinThreads,varargs[Thread[TArg]]">
  <dt><pre><span class="Keyword">proc</span> <a href="#joinThreads%2Cvarargs%5BThread%5BTArg%5D%5D"><span class="Identifier">joinThreads</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">t</span><span class="Other">:</span> <a href="system.html#varargs"><span class="Identifier">varargs</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><a href="threadtypes.html#Thread"><span class="Identifier">Thread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">)</span></pre></dt>
  <dd>
    
    Waits for every thread in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">t</span></span></tt> to finish.
    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L191" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L191" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

  </dd>
</div>

</div>
<div id="pinToCpu-procs-all">
  <div id="pinToCpu,Thread[Arg],Natural">
  <dt><pre><span class="Keyword">proc</span> <a href="#pinToCpu%2CThread%5BArg%5D%2CNatural"><span class="Identifier">pinToCpu</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">Arg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">t</span><span class="Other">:</span> <span class="Keyword">var</span> <a href="threadtypes.html#Thread"><span class="Identifier">Thread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">Arg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">;</span> <span class="Identifier">cpu</span><span class="Other">:</span> <a href="system.html#Natural"><span class="Identifier">Natural</span></a><span class="Other">)</span></pre></dt>
  <dd>
    
    <p>Pins a thread to a <span id="cpu_1">CPU</span>.</p>
<p>In other words sets a thread's <span id="affinity_1">affinity</span>. If you don't know what this means, you shouldn't use this proc.</p>

    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L292" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L292" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

  </dd>
</div>

</div>
<div id="running-procs-all">
  <div id="running,Thread[TArg]">
  <dt><pre><span class="Keyword">proc</span> <a href="#running%2CThread%5BTArg%5D"><span class="Identifier">running</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">(</span><span class="Identifier">t</span><span class="Other">:</span> <a href="threadtypes.html#Thread"><span class="Identifier">Thread</span></a><span class="Other">[</span><span class="Identifier">TArg</span><span class="Other">]</span><span class="Other">)</span><span class="Other">:</span> <a href="system.html#bool"><span class="Identifier">bool</span></a> {.<span class="Identifier">inline</span>.}</pre></dt>
  <dd>
    
    Returns true if <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><span class="Identifier">t</span></span></tt> is running.
    <a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/tree/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L152" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank">Source</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/edit/devel/lib/std/typedthreads.nim#L152" class="link-seesrc" target="_blank" >Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

  </dd>
</div>

</div>

  </dl>
</div>

  </div>
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