Nim/doc/grammar.txt

module = stmt ^* (';' / IND{=})
comma = ',' COMMENT?
semicolon = ';' COMMENT?
colon = ':' COMMENT?
colcom = ':' COMMENT?
operator =  OP0 | OP1 | OP2 | OP3 | OP4 | OP5 | OP6 | OP7 | OP8 | OP9
         | 'or' | 'xor' | 'and'
         | 'is' | 'isnot' | 'in' | 'notin' | 'of'
         | 'div' | 'mod' | 'shl' | 'shr' | 'not' | 'static' | '..'
prefixOperator = operator
optInd = COMMENT?
optPar = (IND{>} | IND{=})?
simpleExpr = arrowExpr (OP0 optInd arrowExpr)* pragma?
arrowExpr = assignExpr (OP1 optInd assignExpr)*
assignExpr = orExpr (OP2 optInd orExpr)*
orExpr = andExpr (OP3 optInd andExpr)*
andExpr = cmpExpr (OP4 optInd cmpExpr)*
cmpExpr = sliceExpr (OP5 optInd sliceExpr)*
sliceExpr = ampExpr (OP6 optInd ampExpr)*
ampExpr = plusExpr (OP7 optInd plusExpr)*
plusExpr = mulExpr (OP8 optInd mulExpr)*
mulExpr = dollarExpr (OP9 optInd dollarExpr)*
dollarExpr = primary (OP10 optInd primary)*
symbol = '`' (KEYW|IDENT|literal|(operator|'('|')'|'['|']'|'{'|'}'|'=')+)+ '`'
       | IDENT | KEYW
exprColonEqExpr = expr (':'|'=' expr)?
exprList = expr ^+ comma
dotExpr = expr '.' optInd symbol
qualifiedIdent = symbol ('.' optInd symbol)?
exprColonEqExprList = exprColonEqExpr (comma exprColonEqExpr)* (comma)?
setOrTableConstr = '{' ((exprColonEqExpr comma)* | ':' ) '}'
castExpr = 'cast' '[' optInd typeDesc optPar ']' '(' optInd expr optPar ')'
parKeyw = 'discard' | 'include' | 'if' | 'while' | 'case' | 'try'
        | 'finally' | 'except' | 'for' | 'block' | 'const' | 'let'
        | 'when' | 'var' | 'mixin'
par = '(' optInd
          ( &parKeyw complexOrSimpleStmt ^+ ';'
          | ';' complexOrSimpleStmt ^+ ';'
          | pragmaStmt
          | simpleExpr ( ('=' expr (';' complexOrSimpleStmt ^+ ';' )? )
                       | (':' expr (',' exprColonEqExpr     ^+ ',' )? ) ) )
          optPar ')'
literal = | INT_LIT | INT8_LIT | INT16_LIT | INT32_LIT | INT64_LIT
          | UINT_LIT | UINT8_LIT | UINT16_LIT | UINT32_LIT | UINT64_LIT
          | FLOAT_LIT | FLOAT32_LIT | FLOAT64_LIT
          | STR_LIT | RSTR_LIT | TRIPLESTR_LIT
          | CHAR_LIT
          | NIL
generalizedLit = GENERALIZED_STR_LIT | GENERALIZED_TRIPLESTR_LIT
identOrLiteral = generalizedLit | symbol | literal
               | par | arrayConstr | setOrTableConstr
               | castExpr
tupleConstr = '(' optInd (exprColonEqExpr comma?)* optPar ')'
arrayConstr = '[' optInd (exprColonEqExpr comma?)* optPar ']'
primarySuffix = '(' (exprColonEqExpr comma?)* ')' doBlocks?
      | doBlocks
      | '.' optInd symbol generalizedLit?
      | '[' optInd indexExprList optPar ']'
      | '{' optInd indexExprList optPar '}'
      | &( '`'|IDENT|literal|'cast'|'addr'|'type') expr # command syntax
condExpr = expr colcom expr optInd
        ('elif' expr colcom expr optInd)*
         'else' colcom expr
ifExpr = 'if' condExpr
whenExpr = 'when' condExpr
pragma = '{.' optInd (exprColonExpr comma?)* optPar ('.}' | '}')
identVis = symbol opr?  # postfix position
identVisDot = symbol '.' optInd symbol opr?
identWithPragma = identVis pragma?
identWithPragmaDot = identVisDot pragma?
declColonEquals = identWithPragma (comma identWithPragma)* comma?
                  (':' optInd typeDesc)? ('=' optInd expr)?
identColonEquals = ident (comma ident)* comma?
     (':' optInd typeDesc)? ('=' optInd expr)?)
inlTupleDecl = 'tuple'
    [' optInd  (identColonEquals (comma/semicolon)?)*  optPar ']'
extTupleDecl = 'tuple'
    COMMENT? (IND{>} identColonEquals (IND{=} identColonEquals)*)?
tupleClass = 'tuple'
paramList = '(' declColonEquals ^* (comma/semicolon) ')'
paramListArrow = paramList? ('->' optInd typeDesc)?
paramListColon = paramList? (':' optInd typeDesc)?
doBlock = 'do' paramListArrow pragmas? colcom stmt
procExpr = 'proc' paramListColon pragmas? ('=' COMMENT? stmt)?
distinct = 'distinct' optInd typeDesc
expr = (ifExpr
      | whenExpr
      | caseExpr
      | tryExpr)
      / simpleExpr
typeKeyw = 'var' | 'out' | 'ref' | 'ptr' | 'shared' | 'tuple'
         | 'proc' | 'iterator' | 'distinct' | 'object' | 'enum'
primary = typeKeyw typeDescK
        /  prefixOperator* identOrLiteral primarySuffix*
        / 'static' primary
        / 'bind' primary
typeDesc = simpleExpr
typeDefAux = simpleExpr
           | 'concept' typeClass
postExprBlocks = ':' stmt? ( IND{=} doBlock
                           | IND{=} 'of' exprList ':' stmt
                           | IND{=} 'elif' expr ':' stmt
                           | IND{=} 'except' exprList ':' stmt
                           | IND{=} 'else' ':' stmt )*
exprStmt = simpleExpr
         (( '=' optInd expr colonBody? )
         / ( expr ^+ comma
             doBlocks
              / macroColon
           ))?
importStmt = 'import' optInd expr
              ((comma expr)*
              / 'except' optInd (expr ^+ comma))
includeStmt = 'include' optInd expr ^+ comma
fromStmt = 'from' moduleName 'import' optInd expr (comma expr)*
returnStmt = 'return' optInd expr?
raiseStmt = 'raise' optInd expr?
yieldStmt = 'yield' optInd expr?
discardStmt = 'discard' optInd expr?
breakStmt = 'break' optInd expr?
continueStmt = 'break' optInd expr?
condStmt = expr colcom stmt COMMENT?
           (IND{=} 'elif' expr colcom stmt)*
           (IND{=} 'else' colcom stmt)?
ifStmt = 'if' condStmt
whenStmt = 'when' condStmt
whileStmt = 'while' expr colcom stmt
ofBranch = 'of' exprList colcom stmt
ofBranches = ofBranch (IND{=} ofBranch)*
                      (IND{=} 'elif' expr colcom stmt)*
                      (IND{=} 'else' colcom stmt)?
caseStmt = 'case' expr ':'? COMMENT?
            (IND{>} ofBranches DED
            | IND{=} ofBranches)
tryStmt = 'try' colcom stmt &(IND{=}? 'except'|'finally')
           (IND{=}? 'except' exprList colcom stmt)*
           (IND{=}? 'finally' colcom stmt)?
tryExpr = 'try' colcom stmt &(optInd 'except'|'finally')
           (optInd 'except' exprList colcom stmt)*
           (optInd 'finally' colcom stmt)?
exceptBlock = 'except' colcom stmt
forStmt = 'for' (identWithPragma ^+ comma) 'in' expr colcom stmt
blockStmt = 'block' symbol? colcom stmt
staticStmt = 'static' colcom stmt
deferStmt = 'defer' colcom stmt
asmStmt = 'asm' pragma? (STR_LIT | RSTR_LIT | TRIPLE_STR_LIT)
genericParam = symbol (comma symbol)* (colon expr)? ('=' optInd expr)?
genericParamList = '[' optInd
  genericParam ^* (comma/semicolon) optPar ']'
pattern = '{' stmt '}'
indAndComment = (IND{>} COMMENT)? | COMMENT?
routine = optInd identVis pattern? genericParamList?
  paramListColon pragma? ('=' COMMENT? stmt)? indAndComment
commentStmt = COMMENT
section(p) = COMMENT? p / (IND{>} (p / COMMENT)^+IND{=} DED)
constant = identWithPragma (colon typedesc)? '=' optInd expr indAndComment
enum = 'enum' optInd (symbol optInd ('=' optInd expr COMMENT?)? comma?)+
objectWhen = 'when' expr colcom objectPart COMMENT?
            ('elif' expr colcom objectPart COMMENT?)*
            ('else' colcom objectPart COMMENT?)?
objectBranch = 'of' exprList colcom objectPart
objectBranches = objectBranch (IND{=} objectBranch)*
                      (IND{=} 'elif' expr colcom objectPart)*
                      (IND{=} 'else' colcom objectPart)?
objectCase = 'case' identWithPragma ':' typeDesc ':'? COMMENT?
            (IND{>} objectBranches DED
            | IND{=} objectBranches)
objectPart = IND{>} objectPart^+IND{=} DED
           / objectWhen / objectCase / 'nil' / 'discard' / declColonEquals
object = 'object' pragma? ('of' typeDesc)? COMMENT? objectPart
typeClassParam = ('var' | 'out')? symbol
typeClass = typeClassParam ^* ',' (pragma)? ('of' typeDesc ^* ',')?
              &IND{>} stmt
typeDef = identWithPragmaDot genericParamList? '=' optInd typeDefAux
            indAndComment?
varTuple = '(' optInd identWithPragma ^+ comma optPar ')' '=' optInd expr
colonBody = colcom stmt doBlocks?
variable = (varTuple / identColonEquals) colonBody? indAndComment
bindStmt = 'bind' optInd qualifiedIdent ^+ comma
mixinStmt = 'mixin' optInd qualifiedIdent ^+ comma
pragmaStmt = pragma (':' COMMENT? stmt)?
simpleStmt = ((returnStmt | raiseStmt | yieldStmt | discardStmt | breakStmt
           | continueStmt | pragmaStmt | importStmt | exportStmt | fromStmt
           | includeStmt | commentStmt) / exprStmt) COMMENT?
complexOrSimpleStmt = (ifStmt | whenStmt | whileStmt
                    | tryStmt | forStmt
                    | blockStmt | staticStmt | deferStmt | asmStmt
                    | 'proc' routine
                    | 'method' routine
                    | 'iterator' routine
                    | 'macro' routine
                    | 'template' routine
                    | 'converter' routine
                    | 'type' section(typeDef)
                    | 'const' section(constant)
                    | ('let' | 'var' | 'using') section(variable)
                    | bindStmt | mixinStmt)
                    / simpleStmt
stmt = (IND{>} complexOrSimpleStmt^+(IND{=} / ';') DED)
     / simpleStmt ^+ ';'