Nim/lib/pure/smtp.nim

#
#
#            Nim's Runtime Library
#        (c) Copyright 2012 Dominik Picheta
#
#    See the file "copying.txt", included in this
#    distribution, for details about the copyright.
#

## This module implements the SMTP client protocol as specified by RFC 5321,
## this can be used to send mail to any SMTP Server.
##
## This module also implements the protocol used to format messages,
## as specified by RFC 2822.
##
## Example gmail use:
##
##
## .. code-block:: Nim
##   var msg = createMessage("Hello from Nim's SMTP",
##                           "Hello!.\n Is this awesome or what?",
##                           @["foo@gmail.com"])
##   let smtpConn = newSmtp(useSsl = true, debug=true)
##   smtpConn.connect("smtp.gmail.com", Port 465)
##   smtpConn.auth("username", "password")
##   smtpConn.sendmail("username@gmail.com", @["foo@gmail.com"], $msg)
##
##
## Example for startTls use:
##
##
## .. code-block:: Nim
##   var msg = createMessage("Hello from Nim's SMTP",
##                           "Hello!.\n Is this awesome or what?",
##                           @["foo@gmail.com"])
##   let smtpConn = newSmtp(debug=true)
##   smtpConn.connect("smtp.mailtrap.io", Port 2525)
##   smtpConn.startTls()
##   smtpConn.auth("username", "password")
##   smtpConn.sendmail("username@gmail.com", @["foo@gmail.com"], $msg)
##
##
## For SSL support this module relies on OpenSSL. If you want to
## enable SSL, compile with ``-d:ssl``.

import net, strutils, strtabs, base64, os, strutils
import asyncnet, asyncdispatch

export Port

type
  Message* = object
    msgTo: seq[string]
    msgCc: seq[string]
    msgSubject: string
    msgOtherHeaders: StringTableRef
    msgBody: string

  ReplyError* = object of IOError

  SmtpBase[SocketType] = ref object
    sock: SocketType
    debug: bool

  Smtp* = SmtpBase[Socket]
  AsyncSmtp* = SmtpBase[AsyncSocket]

proc containsNewline(xs: seq[string]): bool =
  for x in xs:
    if x.contains({'\c', '\L'}):
      return true

proc debugSend*(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp, cmd: string) {.multisync.} =
  ## Sends ``cmd`` on the socket connected to the SMTP server.
  ##
  ## If the ``smtp`` object was created with ``debug`` enabled,
  ## debugSend will invoke ``echo("C:" & cmd)`` before sending.
  ##
  ## This is a lower level proc and not something that you typically
  ## would need to call when using this module. One exception to
  ## this is if you are implementing any
  ## `SMTP extensions<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_SMTP>`_.

  if smtp.debug:
    echo("C:" & cmd)
  await smtp.sock.send(cmd)

proc debugRecv(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp): Future[TaintedString] {.multisync.} =
  result = await smtp.sock.recvLine()
  if smtp.debug:
    echo("S:" & result.string)

proc quitExcpt(smtp: Smtp, msg: string) =
  smtp.debugSend("QUIT")
  raise newException(ReplyError, msg)

const compiledWithSsl = defined(ssl)

when not defined(ssl):
  type PSSLContext = ref object
  let defaultSSLContext: PSSLContext = nil
else:
  var defaultSSLContext {.threadvar.}: SSLContext

  proc getSSLContext(): SSLContext =
    if defaultSSLContext == nil:
      defaultSSLContext = newContext(verifyMode = CVerifyNone)
    result = defaultSSLContext

proc createMessage*(mSubject, mBody: string, mTo, mCc: seq[string],
                otherHeaders: openarray[tuple[name, value: string]]): Message =
  ## Creates a new MIME compliant message.
  ##
  ## You need to make sure that ``mSubject``, ``mTo`` and ``mCc`` don't contain
  ## any newline characters. Failing to do so will raise ``AssertionDefect``.
  doAssert(not mSubject.contains({'\c', '\L'}),
           "'mSubject' shouldn't contain any newline characters")
  doAssert(not (mTo.containsNewline() or mCc.containsNewline()),
           "'mTo' and 'mCc' shouldn't contain any newline characters")

  result.msgTo = mTo
  result.msgCc = mCc
  result.msgSubject = mSubject
  result.msgBody = mBody
  result.msgOtherHeaders = newStringTable()
  for n, v in items(otherHeaders):
    result.msgOtherHeaders[n] = v

proc createMessage*(mSubject, mBody: string, mTo,
                    mCc: seq[string] = @[]): Message =
  ## Alternate version of the above.
  ##
  ## You need to make sure that ``mSubject``, ``mTo`` and ``mCc`` don't contain
  ## any newline characters. Failing to do so will raise ``AssertionDefect``.
  doAssert(not mSubject.contains({'\c', '\L'}),
           "'mSubject' shouldn't contain any newline characters")
  doAssert(not (mTo.containsNewline() or mCc.containsNewline()),
           "'mTo' and 'mCc' shouldn't contain any newline characters")
  result.msgTo = mTo
  result.msgCc = mCc
  result.msgSubject = mSubject
  result.msgBody = mBody
  result.msgOtherHeaders = newStringTable()

proc `$`*(msg: Message): string =
  ## stringify for ``Message``.
  result = ""
  if msg.msgTo.len() > 0:
    result = "TO: " & msg.msgTo.join(", ") & "\c\L"
  if msg.msgCc.len() > 0:
    result.add("CC: " & msg.msgCc.join(", ") & "\c\L")
  # TODO: Folding? i.e when a line is too long, shorten it...
  result.add("Subject: " & msg.msgSubject & "\c\L")
  for key, value in pairs(msg.msgOtherHeaders):
    result.add(key & ": " & value & "\c\L")

  result.add("\c\L")
  result.add(msg.msgBody)

proc newSmtp*(useSsl = false, debug = false,
              sslContext: SSLContext = nil): Smtp =
  ## Creates a new ``Smtp`` instance.
  new result
  result.debug = debug
  result.sock = newSocket()
  if useSsl:
    when compiledWithSsl:
      if sslContext == nil:
        getSSLContext().wrapSocket(result.sock)
      else:
        sslContext.wrapSocket(result.sock)
    else:
      {.error: "SMTP module compiled without SSL support".}

proc newAsyncSmtp*(useSsl = false, debug = false,
                   sslContext: SSLContext = nil): AsyncSmtp =
  ## Creates a new ``AsyncSmtp`` instance.
  new result
  result.debug = debug

  result.sock = newAsyncSocket()
  if useSsl:
    when compiledWithSsl:
      if sslContext == nil:
        getSSLContext().wrapSocket(result.sock)
      else:
        sslContext.wrapSocket(result.sock)
    else:
      {.error: "SMTP module compiled without SSL support".}

proc quitExcpt(smtp: AsyncSmtp, msg: string): Future[void] =
  var retFuture = newFuture[void]()
  var sendFut = smtp.debugSend("QUIT")
  sendFut.callback =
    proc () =
      retFuture.fail(newException(ReplyError, msg))
  return retFuture

proc checkReply(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp, reply: string) {.multisync.} =
  var line = await smtp.debugRecv()
  if not line.startswith(reply):
    await quitExcpt(smtp, "Expected " & reply & " reply, got: " & line)

proc connect*(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp,
              address: string, port: Port) {.multisync.} =
  ## Establishes a connection with a SMTP server.
  ## May fail with ReplyError or with a socket error.
  await smtp.sock.connect(address, port)

  await smtp.checkReply("220")
  await smtp.debugSend("HELO " & address & "\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("250")

proc startTls*(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp, sslContext: SSLContext = nil) {.multisync.} =
  ## Put the SMTP connection in TLS (Transport Layer Security) mode.
  ## May fail with ReplyError
  await smtp.debugSend("STARTTLS\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("220")
  when compiledWithSsl:
    if sslContext == nil:
      getSSLContext().wrapConnectedSocket(smtp.sock, handshakeAsClient)
    else:
      sslContext.wrapConnectedSocket(smtp.sock, handshakeAsClient)
  else:
    {.error: "SMTP module compiled without SSL support".}

proc auth*(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp, username, password: string) {.multisync.} =
  ## Sends an AUTH command to the server to login as the `username`
  ## using `password`.
  ## May fail with ReplyError.

  await smtp.debugSend("AUTH LOGIN\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("334") # TODO: Check whether it's asking for the "Username:"
                               # i.e "334 VXNlcm5hbWU6"
  await smtp.debugSend(encode(username) & "\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("334") # TODO: Same as above, only "Password:" (I think?)

  await smtp.debugSend(encode(password) & "\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("235") # Check whether the authentication was successful.

proc sendMail*(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp, fromAddr: string,
               toAddrs: seq[string], msg: string) {.multisync.} =
  ## Sends ``msg`` from ``fromAddr`` to the addresses specified in ``toAddrs``.
  ## Messages may be formed using ``createMessage`` by converting the
  ## Message into a string.
  ##
  ## You need to make sure that ``fromAddr`` and ``toAddrs`` don't contain
  ## any newline characters. Failing to do so will raise ``AssertionDefect``.
  doAssert(not (toAddrs.containsNewline() or fromAddr.contains({'\c', '\L'})),
           "'toAddrs' and 'fromAddr' shouldn't contain any newline characters")

  await smtp.debugSend("MAIL FROM:<" & fromAddr & ">\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("250")
  for address in items(toAddrs):
    await smtp.debugSend("RCPT TO:<" & address & ">\c\L")
    await smtp.checkReply("250")

  # Send the message
  await smtp.debugSend("DATA " & "\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("354")
  await smtp.sock.send(msg & "\c\L")
  await smtp.debugSend(".\c\L")
  await smtp.checkReply("250")

proc close*(smtp: Smtp | AsyncSmtp) {.multisync.} =
  ## Disconnects from the SMTP server and closes the socket.
  await smtp.debugSend("QUIT\c\L")
  smtp.sock.close()

when not defined(testing) and isMainModule:
  # To test with a real SMTP service, create a smtp.ini file, e.g.:
  # username = ""
  # password = ""
  # smtphost = "smtp.gmail.com"
  # port = 465
  # use_tls = true
  # sender = ""
  # recipient = ""

  import parsecfg

  proc `[]`(c: Config, key: string): string = c.getSectionValue("", key)

  let
    conf = loadConfig("smtp.ini")
    msg = createMessage("Hello from Nim's SMTP!",
      "Hello!\n Is this awesome or what?", @[conf["recipient"]])

  assert conf["smtphost"] != ""

  proc async_test() {.async.} =
    let client = newAsyncSmtp(
      conf["use_tls"].parseBool,
      debug = true
    )
    await client.connect(conf["smtphost"], conf["port"].parseInt.Port)
    await client.auth(conf["username"], conf["password"])
    await client.sendMail(conf["sender"], @[conf["recipient"]], $msg)
    await client.close()
    echo "async email sent"

  proc sync_test() =
    var smtpConn = newSmtp(
      conf["use_tls"].parseBool,
      debug = true
    )
    smtpConn.connect(conf["smtphost"], conf["port"].parseInt.Port)
    smtpConn.auth(conf["username"], conf["password"])
    smtpConn.sendMail(conf["sender"], @[conf["recipient"]], $msg)
    smtpConn.close()
    echo "sync email sent"

  waitFor async_test()
  sync_test()