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- config SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
- def_bool y
- depends on EXPERIMENTAL || ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
- choice
- prompt "Memory model"
- depends on SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
- default DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_DEFAULT
- default SPARSEMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_SPARSEMEM_DEFAULT
- default FLATMEM_MANUAL
- config FLATMEM_MANUAL
- bool "Flat Memory"
- depends on !(ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE || ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || ARCH_FLATMEM_ENABLE
- help
- This option allows you to change some of the ways that
- Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
- only have one option here: FLATMEM. This is normal
- and a correct option.
- Some users of more advanced features like NUMA and
- memory hotplug may have different options here.
- DISCONTIGMEM is an more mature, better tested system,
- but is incompatible with memory hotplug and may suffer
- decreased performance over SPARSEMEM. If unsure between
- "Sparse Memory" and "Discontiguous Memory", choose
- "Discontiguous Memory".
- If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
- config DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
- bool "Discontiguous Memory"
- depends on ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE
- help
- This option provides enhanced support for discontiguous
- memory systems, over FLATMEM. These systems have holes
- in their physical address spaces, and this option provides
- more efficient handling of these holes. However, the vast
- majority of hardware has quite flat address spaces, and
- can have degraded performance from the extra overhead that
- this option imposes.
- Many NUMA configurations will have this as the only option.
- If unsure, choose "Flat Memory" over this option.
- config SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
- bool "Sparse Memory"
- depends on ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE
- help
- This will be the only option for some systems, including
- memory hotplug systems. This is normal.
- For many other systems, this will be an alternative to
- "Discontiguous Memory". This option provides some potential
- performance benefits, along with decreased code complexity,
- but it is newer, and more experimental.
- If unsure, choose "Discontiguous Memory" or "Flat Memory"
- over this option.
- endchoice
- config DISCONTIGMEM
- def_bool y
- depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE) || DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
- config SPARSEMEM
- def_bool y
- depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
- config FLATMEM
- def_bool y
- depends on (!DISCONTIGMEM && !SPARSEMEM) || FLATMEM_MANUAL
- config FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
- def_bool y
- depends on !SPARSEMEM
- #
- # Both the NUMA code and DISCONTIGMEM use arrays of pg_data_t's
- # to represent different areas of memory. This variable allows
- # those dependencies to exist individually.
- #
- config NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
- def_bool y
- depends on DISCONTIGMEM || NUMA
- config HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT
- def_bool y
- depends on ARCH_HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT || SPARSEMEM
- #
- # SPARSEMEM_EXTREME (which is the default) does some bootmem
- # allocations when memory_present() is called. If this cannot
- # be done on your architecture, select this option. However,
- # statically allocating the mem_section[] array can potentially
- # consume vast quantities of .bss, so be careful.
- #
- # This option will also potentially produce smaller runtime code
- # with gcc 3.4 and later.
- #
- config SPARSEMEM_STATIC
- bool
- #
- # Architecture platforms which require a two level mem_section in SPARSEMEM
- # must select this option. This is usually for architecture platforms with
- # an extremely sparse physical address space.
- #
- config SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
- def_bool y
- depends on SPARSEMEM && !SPARSEMEM_STATIC
- config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
- bool
- config SPARSEMEM_ALLOC_MEM_MAP_TOGETHER
- def_bool y
- depends on SPARSEMEM && X86_64
- config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
- bool "Sparse Memory virtual memmap"
- depends on SPARSEMEM && SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
- default y
- help
- SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP uses a virtually mapped memmap to optimise
- pfn_to_page and page_to_pfn operations. This is the most
- efficient option when sufficient kernel resources are available.
- config HAVE_MEMBLOCK
- boolean
- config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP
- boolean
- config ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK
- boolean
- config NO_BOOTMEM
- boolean
- # eventually, we can have this option just 'select SPARSEMEM'
- config MEMORY_HOTPLUG
- bool "Allow for memory hot-add"
- depends on SPARSEMEM || X86_64_ACPI_NUMA
- depends on HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
- depends on (IA64 || X86 || PPC_BOOK3S_64 || SUPERH || S390 || ARM)
- config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
- def_bool y
- depends on SPARSEMEM && MEMORY_HOTPLUG
- config MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
- bool "Allow for memory hot remove"
- depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
- depends on MIGRATION
- #
- # If we have space for more page flags then we can enable additional
- # optimizations and functionality.
- #
- # Regular Sparsemem takes page flag bits for the sectionid if it does not
- # use a virtual memmap. Disable extended page flags for 32 bit platforms
- # that require the use of a sectionid in the page flags.
- #
- config PAGEFLAGS_EXTENDED
- def_bool y
- depends on 64BIT || SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP || !SPARSEMEM
- # Heavily threaded applications may benefit from splitting the mm-wide
- # page_table_lock, so that faults on different parts of the user address
- # space can be handled with less contention: split it at this NR_CPUS.
- # Default to 4 for wider testing, though 8 might be more appropriate.
- # ARM's adjust_pte (unused if VIPT) depends on mm-wide page_table_lock.
- # PA-RISC 7xxx's spinlock_t would enlarge struct page from 32 to 44 bytes.
- # DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC spinlock_t also enlarge struct page.
- #
- config SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS
- int
- default "999999" if ARM && !CPU_CACHE_VIPT
- default "999999" if PARISC && !PA20
- default "999999" if DEBUG_SPINLOCK || DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
- default "4"
- #
- # support for memory compaction
- config COMPACTION
- bool "Allow for memory compaction"
- select MIGRATION
- depends on MMU
- help
- Allows the compaction of memory for the allocation of huge pages.
- #
- # support for page migration
- #
- config MIGRATION
- bool "Page migration"
- def_bool y
- depends on NUMA || ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE || COMPACTION || CMA
- help
- Allows the migration of the physical location of pages of processes
- while the virtual addresses are not changed. This is useful in
- two situations. The first is on NUMA systems to put pages nearer
- to the processors accessing. The second is when allocating huge
- pages as migration can relocate pages to satisfy a huge page
- allocation instead of reclaiming.
- config SEC_SLOWPATH
- bool "slowpath allocation"
- def_bool n
- config PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
- def_bool 64BIT || ARCH_PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
- config ZONE_DMA_FLAG
- int
- default "0" if !ZONE_DMA
- default "1"
- config BOUNCE
- def_bool y
- depends on BLOCK && MMU && (ZONE_DMA || HIGHMEM)
- # On the 'tile' arch, USB OHCI needs the bounce pool since tilegx will often
- # have more than 4GB of memory, but we don't currently use the IOTLB to present
- # a 32-bit address to OHCI. So we need to use a bounce pool instead.
- #
- # We also use the bounce pool to provide stable page writes for jbd. jbd
- # initiates buffer writeback without locking the page or setting PG_writeback,
- # and fixing that behavior (a second time; jbd2 doesn't have this problem) is
- # a major rework effort. Instead, use the bounce buffer to snapshot pages
- # (until jbd goes away). The only jbd user is ext3.
- config NEED_BOUNCE_POOL
- bool
- default y if (TILE && USB_OHCI_HCD) || (BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY && JBD)
- config NR_QUICK
- int
- depends on QUICKLIST
- default "2" if AVR32
- default "1"
- config VIRT_TO_BUS
- def_bool y
- depends on !ARCH_NO_VIRT_TO_BUS
- config MMU_NOTIFIER
- bool
- config KSM
- bool "Enable KSM for page merging"
- depends on MMU
- help
- Enable Kernel Samepage Merging: KSM periodically scans those areas
- of an application's address space that an app has advised may be
- mergeable. When it finds pages of identical content, it replaces
- the many instances by a single page with that content, so
- saving memory until one or another app needs to modify the content.
- Recommended for use with KVM, or with other duplicative applications.
- See Documentation/vm/ksm.txt for more information: KSM is inactive
- until a program has madvised that an area is MADV_MERGEABLE, and
- root has set /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run to 1 (if CONFIG_SYSFS is set).
- config DEFAULT_MMAP_MIN_ADDR
- int "Low address space to protect from user allocation"
- depends on MMU
- default 4096
- help
- This is the portion of low virtual memory which should be protected
- from userspace allocation. Keeping a user from writing to low pages
- can help reduce the impact of kernel NULL pointer bugs.
- For most ia64, ppc64 and x86 users with lots of address space
- a value of 65536 is reasonable and should cause no problems.
- On arm and other archs it should not be higher than 32768.
- Programs which use vm86 functionality or have some need to map
- this low address space will need CAP_SYS_RAWIO or disable this
- protection by setting the value to 0.
- This value can be changed after boot using the
- /proc/sys/vm/mmap_min_addr tunable.
- config ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
- bool
- config MEMORY_FAILURE
- depends on MMU
- depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
- bool "Enable recovery from hardware memory errors"
- help
- Enables code to recover from some memory failures on systems
- with MCA recovery. This allows a system to continue running
- even when some of its memory has uncorrected errors. This requires
- special hardware support and typically ECC memory.
- config HWPOISON_INJECT
- tristate "HWPoison pages injector"
- depends on MEMORY_FAILURE && DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
- select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
- config NOMMU_INITIAL_TRIM_EXCESS
- int "Turn on mmap() excess space trimming before booting"
- depends on !MMU
- default 1
- help
- The NOMMU mmap() frequently needs to allocate large contiguous chunks
- of memory on which to store mappings, but it can only ask the system
- allocator for chunks in 2^N*PAGE_SIZE amounts - which is frequently
- more than it requires. To deal with this, mmap() is able to trim off
- the excess and return it to the allocator.
- If trimming is enabled, the excess is trimmed off and returned to the
- system allocator, which can cause extra fragmentation, particularly
- if there are a lot of transient processes.
- If trimming is disabled, the excess is kept, but not used, which for
- long-term mappings means that the space is wasted.
- Trimming can be dynamically controlled through a sysctl option
- (/proc/sys/vm/nr_trim_pages) which specifies the minimum number of
- excess pages there must be before trimming should occur, or zero if
- no trimming is to occur.
- This option specifies the initial value of this option. The default
- of 1 says that all excess pages should be trimmed.
- See Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt for more information.
- config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
- bool "Transparent Hugepage Support"
- depends on X86 && MMU
- select COMPACTION
- help
- Transparent Hugepages allows the kernel to use huge pages and
- huge tlb transparently to the applications whenever possible.
- This feature can improve computing performance to certain
- applications by speeding up page faults during memory
- allocation, by reducing the number of tlb misses and by speeding
- up the pagetable walking.
- If memory constrained on embedded, you may want to say N.
- choice
- prompt "Transparent Hugepage Support sysfs defaults"
- depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
- default TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
- help
- Selects the sysfs defaults for Transparent Hugepage Support.
- config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
- bool "always"
- help
- Enabling Transparent Hugepage always, can increase the
- memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
- benefit but it will work automatically for all applications.
- config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
- bool "madvise"
- help
- Enabling Transparent Hugepage madvise, will only provide a
- performance improvement benefit to the applications using
- madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) but it won't risk to increase the
- memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
- benefit.
- endchoice
- #
- # UP and nommu archs use km based percpu allocator
- #
- config NEED_PER_CPU_KM
- depends on !SMP
- bool
- default y
- config CLEANCACHE
- bool "Enable cleancache driver to cache clean pages if tmem is present"
- default n
- help
- Cleancache can be thought of as a page-granularity victim cache
- for clean pages that the kernel's pageframe replacement algorithm
- (PFRA) would like to keep around, but can't since there isn't enough
- memory. So when the PFRA "evicts" a page, it first attempts to use
- cleancache code to put the data contained in that page into
- "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
- addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
- time-varying size. And when a cleancache-enabled
- filesystem wishes to access a page in a file on disk, it first
- checks cleancache to see if it already contains it; if it does,
- the page is copied into the kernel and a disk access is avoided.
- When a transcendent memory driver is available (such as zcache or
- Xen transcendent memory), a significant I/O reduction
- may be achieved. When none is available, all cleancache calls
- are reduced to a single pointer-compare-against-NULL resulting
- in a negligible performance hit.
- If unsure, say Y to enable cleancache
- config FRONTSWAP
- bool "Enable frontswap to cache swap pages if tmem is present"
- depends on SWAP
- default n
- help
- Frontswap is so named because it can be thought of as the opposite
- of a "backing" store for a swap device. The data is stored into
- "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
- addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
- time-varying size. When space in transcendent memory is available,
- a significant swap I/O reduction may be achieved. When none is
- available, all frontswap calls are reduced to a single pointer-
- compare-against-NULL resulting in a negligible performance hit
- and swap data is stored as normal on the matching swap device.
- If unsure, say Y to enable frontswap.
- config ZSMALLOC_NEW
- tristate "Memory allocator for compressed pages"
- depends on !ZSMALLOC
- default n
- help
- zsmalloc is a slab-based memory allocator designed to store
- compressed RAM pages. zsmalloc uses virtual memory mapping
- in order to reduce fragmentation. However, this results in a
- non-standard allocator interface where a handle, not a pointer, is
- returned by an alloc(). This handle must be mapped in order to
- access the allocated space.
- config PGTABLE_MAPPING
- bool "Use page table mapping to access object in zsmalloc"
- depends on ZSMALLOC_NEW
- help
- By default, zsmalloc uses a copy-based object mapping method to
- access allocations that span two pages. However, if a particular
- architecture (ex, ARM) performs VM mapping faster than copying,
- then you should select this. This causes zsmalloc to use page table
- mapping rather than copying for object mapping.
- You can check speed with zsmalloc benchmark[1].
- [1] https://github.com/spartacus06/zsmalloc
- config ZSWAP
- bool "In-kernel swap page compression"
- depends on FRONTSWAP && CRYPTO
- select CRYPTO_LZO
- select ZSMALLOC_NEW
- default n
- help
- Zswap is a backend for the frontswap mechanism in the VMM.
- It receives pages from frontswap and attempts to store them
- in a compressed memory pool, resulting in an effective
- partial memory reclaim. In addition, pages and be retrieved
- from this compressed store much faster than most tradition
- swap devices resulting in reduced I/O and faster performance
- for many workloads.
- config SWAP_ENABLE_READAHEAD
- bool "Enable readahead on page swap in"
- depends on SWAP
- default y
- help
- When a page fault occurs, adjacent pages of SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX are
- also paged in expecting those pages will be used in near future.
- This behaviour is good at disk-based system, but not on in-memory
- compression (e.g. zram).
- config ZSWAP_ENABLE_WRITEBACK
- bool "Enable writeback"
- depends on ZSWAP
- default n
- config DIRECT_RECLAIM_FILE_PAGES_ONLY
- bool "Reclaim file pages only on direct reclaim path"
- depends on ZSWAP
- default n
- config INCREASE_MAXIMUM_SWAPPINESS
- bool "Allow swappiness to be set up to 200"
- depends on ZSWAP
- default n
- config FIX_INACTIVE_RATIO
- bool "Fix active:inactive anon ratio to 1:1"
- depends on ZSWAP
- default n
- config TIGHT_PGDAT_BALANCE
- bool "Set more tight balanced condition to kswapd"
- depends on ZSWAP
- default n
- config MEMORY_HOLE_CARVEOUT
- bool
- help
- MEMORY_HOLE_CARVEOUT is needed to include the msm_mem_hole driver
- which is needed to enable/disable memblock-remove features for
- device tree nodes that set compatible="qcom,msm-mem-hole". The
- corresponding device tree node provides the address and size of
- the memory corresponding to the hole to be removed using memblock-
- remove.
- config USE_USER_ACCESSIBLE_TIMERS
- bool "Enables timers accessible from userspace"
- depends on MMU
- help
- User-accessible timers allow the kernel to map kernel timer
- registers to a userspace accessible page, to allow faster
- access to time information. This flag will enable the
- interface code in the main kernel. However, there are
- architecture-specific code that will need to be enabled
- separately.
- config MIN_DIRTY_THRESH_PAGES
- int "The lower bound of VM dirty_thresh value in number of pages"
- default 2560
- help
- Setting this to certain positive number guaranttees
- the VM Dirty-Thresh valus is always larger than that value.
- It is only effective when dirty_ratio is used. (Setting dirty_bytes
- disables this option.)
- Do not use it if you unsure.
- config ZBUD
- tristate "Low density storage for compressed pages"
- default n
- help
- A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
- It is designed to store up to two compressed pages per physical
- page. While this design limits storage density, it has simple and
- deterministic reclaim properties that make it preferable to a higher
- density approach when reclaim will be used.
- config ZCACHE
- bool "Compressed cache for file pages (EXPERIMENTAL)"
- depends on CRYPTO && CLEANCACHE
- select CRYPTO_LZO
- select ZBUD
- default n
- help
- A compressed cache for file pages.
- It takes active file pages that are in the process of being reclaimed
- and attempts to compress them into a dynamically allocated RAM-based
- memory pool.
- If this process is successful, when those file pages needed again, the
- I/O reading operation was avoided. This results in a significant performance
- gains under memory pressure for systems full with file pages.
- config ZPOOL
- tristate "Common API for compressed memory storage"
- default n
- help
- Compressed memory storage API. This allows using either zbud or
- zsmalloc.
- config ZSMALLOC
- bool "Memory allocator for compressed pages"
- depends on MMU
- default n
- help
- zsmalloc is a slab-based memory allocator designed to store
- compressed RAM pages. zsmalloc uses virtual memory mapping
- in order to reduce fragmentation. However, this results in a
- non-standard allocator interface where a handle, not a pointer, is
- returned by an alloc(). This handle must be mapped in order to
- access the allocated space.
- config ZSMALLOC_STAT
- bool "Export zsmalloc statistics"
- depends on ZSMALLOC
- select DEBUG_FS
- help
- This option enables code in the zsmalloc to collect various
- statistics about whats happening in zsmalloc and exports that
- information to userspace via debugfs.
- If unsure, say N.
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