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- diff -ur bind-9.2.3-orig//bin/dig/nslookup.8 bind-9.2.3/bin/dig/nslookup.8
- --- bind-9.2.3-orig/bin/dig/nslookup.8 2005-09-30 23:11:23.000000000 +0300
- +++ bind-9.2.3/bin/dig/nslookup.8 2005-09-30 23:10:36.000000000 +0300
- @@ -0,0 +1,534 @@
- +.\"
- +.\" ++Copyright++ 1985, 1989
- +.\" -
- +.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1989
- +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
- +.\"
- +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- +.\" are met:
- +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
- +.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
- +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
- +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
- +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
- +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- +.\" without specific prior written permission.
- +.\"
- +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
- +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
- +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
- +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
- +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
- +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
- +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
- +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- +.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
- +.\" -
- +.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
- +.\"
- +.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- +.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- +.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
- +.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
- +.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
- +.\" specific, written prior permission.
- +.\"
- +.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
- +.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
- +.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
- +.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
- +.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
- +.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
- +.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
- +.\" SOFTWARE.
- +.\" -
- +.\" --Copyright--
- +.\"
- +.\" @(#)nslookup.8 5.3 (Berkeley) 6/24/90
- +.\"
- +.Dd June 24, 1990
- +.Dt NSLOOKUP 8
- +.Os BSD 4
- +.Sh NAME
- +.Nm nslookup
- +.Nd query Internet name servers interactively
- +.Sh SYNOPSIS
- +.Nm nslookup
- +.Op Fl option Ar ...
- +.Op Ar host-to-find | Fl Op Ar server
- +.Sh DESCRIPTION
- +.Ic Nslookup
- +is a program to query Internet domain name servers.
- +.Ic Nslookup
- +has two modes: interactive and non-interactive.
- +Interactive mode allows the user to query name servers for
- +information about various hosts and domains or to print a list of hosts
- +in a domain.
- +Non-interactive mode is used to print just the name and requested information
- +for a host or domain.
- +.Sh ARGUMENTS
- +Interactive mode is entered in the following cases:
- +.Bl -tag -width "a) "
- +.It a)
- +when no arguments are given (the default name server will be used),
- +.It b)
- +when the first argument is a hyphen (-) and the second argument
- +is the host name or Internet address of a name server.
- +.El
- +.Pp
- +Non-interactive mode is used when the name or Internet address
- +of the host to be looked up
- +is given as the first argument. The optional second argument specifies
- +the host name or address of a name server.
- +.Pp
- +The options listed under the
- +.Dq Li set
- +command below can be specified in
- +the
- +.Pa .nslookuprc
- +file in the user's home directory if they are listed
- +one per line. Options can also be specified
- +on the command line if they precede the arguments and are prefixed with
- +a hyphen. For example, to change the default query type to host information,
- +and the initial timeout to 10 seconds, type:
- +.Bd -literal -offset indent
- + nslookup -query=hinfo -timeout=10
- +.Ed
- +.Sh INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
- +Commands may be interrupted at any time by typing a control-C.
- +To exit, type a control-D
- +.Pq Dv EOF
- +or type
- +.Li exit .
- +The command line length must be less than 256 characters.
- +To treat a built-in command as a host name,
- +precede it with an escape character
- +.Pq .&\\ .
- +.Sy N.B.: An unrecognized command will be interpreted as a host name.
- +.Bl -tag -width "lserver"
- +.It Ar host Op Ar server
- +Look up information for
- +.Ar host
- +using the current default server or using
- +.Ar server ,
- +if specified.
- +If
- +.Ar host
- +is an Internet address and the query type is
- +.Dv A
- +or
- +.Dv PTR ,
- +the name of the host is returned.
- +If
- +.Ar host
- +is a name and does not have a trailing period, the default
- +domain name is appended to the name. (This behavior depends on the state of the
- +.Ic set
- +options
- +.Ic domain , srchlist , defname ,
- +and
- +.Ic search . )
- +.Pp
- +To look up a host not in the current domain, append a period to
- +the name.
- +.It Ic server Ar domain
- +.It Ic lserver Ar domain
- +Change the default server to
- +.Ar domain ;
- +.Ic lserver
- +uses the initial server to look up information about
- +.Ar domain ,
- +while
- +.Ic server
- +uses the current default server.
- +If an authoritative answer can't be found, the names of servers
- +that might have the answer are returned.
- +.It Ic root
- +Changes the default server to the server for the root of the domain name space.
- +Currently, the host
- +.Li ns.internic.net
- +is used.
- +(This command is a synonym for
- +.Dq Ic lserver ns.internic.net . )
- +The name of the root server can be changed with the
- +.Dq Ic set root
- +command.
- +.It Xo Ic finger Op Ar name
- +.Op Ic > Ar filename
- +.Xc
- +.It Xo Ic finger Op Ar name
- +.Op Ic >> Ar filename
- +.Xc
- +Connects with the finger server on the current host.
- +The current host is defined when a previous lookup for a host
- +was successful and returned address information (see the
- +.Dq Ic set querytype=A
- +command).
- +The
- +.Ar name
- +is optional.
- +.Ic >
- +and
- +.Ic >>
- +can be used to redirect output in the usual manner.
- +.It Xo Ic ls Op Ar option
- +.Ar domain Op Ic > Ar filename
- +.Xc
- +.It Xo Ic ls Op Ar option
- +.Ar domain Op Ic >> Ar filename
- +.Xc
- +List the information available for
- +.Ar domain ,
- +optionally creating or appending to
- +.Ar filename .
- +The default output contains host names and their Internet addresses.
- +.Ar Option
- +can be one of the following:
- +.Bl -tag -width "-a "
- +.It Fl t Ar querytype
- +lists all records of the specified type (see
- +.Ar querytype
- +below).
- +.It Fl a
- +lists aliases of hosts in the domain;
- +synonym for
- +.Dq Fl t Dv CNAME .
- +.It Fl d
- +lists all records for the domain;
- +synonym for
- +.Dq Fl t Dv ANY .
- +.It Fl h
- +lists CPU and operating system information for the domain;
- +synonym for
- +.Dq Fl t Dv HINFO .
- +.It Fl s
- +lists well-known services of hosts in the domain;
- +synonym for
- +.Dq Fl t Dv WKS .
- +.El
- +.Pp
- +When output is directed to a file, hash marks are printed for every
- +50 records received from the server.
- +.It Ic view Ar filename
- +Sorts and lists the output of previous
- +.Ic ls
- +command(s) with
- +.Xr more 1 .
- +.It Ic help
- +.It Ic ?
- +Prints a brief summary of commands.
- +.It Ic exit
- +Exits the program.
- +.It Xo Ic set Ar keyword
- +.Ns Op = Ns Ar value
- +.Xc
- +This command is used to change state information that affects the lookups.
- +Valid keywords are:
- +.Bl -tag -width "class=v"
- +.It Ic all
- +Prints the current values of the frequently-used options to
- +.Ic set .
- +Information about the current default server and host is also printed.
- +.It Ic class= Ns Ar value
- +Change the query class to one of:
- +.Bl -tag -width "HESIOD "
- +.It Dv IN
- +the Internet class
- +.It Dv CHAOS
- +the Chaos class
- +.It Dv HESIOD
- +the MIT Athena Hesiod class
- +.It Dv ANY
- +wildcard (any of the above)
- +.El
- +.Pp
- +The class specifies the protocol group of the information.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Dv IN ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Ic cl )
- +.It Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic debug
- +.Xc
- +Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is printed about the
- +packet sent to the server and the resulting answer.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic nodebug ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic deb )
- +.Xc
- +.It Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic d2
- +.Xc
- +Turn exhaustive debugging mode on.
- +Essentially all fields of every packet are printed.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic nod2 )
- +.It Ic domain= Ns Ar name
- +Change the default domain name to
- +.Ar name .
- +The default domain name is appended to a lookup request depending on the
- +state of the
- +.Ic defname
- +and
- +.Ic search
- +options.
- +The domain search list contains the parents of the default domain if it has
- +at least two components in its name.
- +For example, if the default domain
- +is CC.Berkeley.EDU, the search list is CC.Berkeley.EDU and Berkeley.EDU.
- +Use the
- +.Dq Ic set srchlist
- +command to specify a different list.
- +Use the
- +.Dq Ic set all
- +command to display the list.
- +.Pp
- +(Default = value from
- +.Xr hostname 1 ,
- +.Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
- +or
- +.Ev LOCALDOMAIN;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Ic do )
- +.It Ic srchlist= Ns Ar name1/name2/...
- +Change the default domain name to
- +.Ar name1
- +and the domain search list
- +to
- +.Ar name1 , name2 ,
- +etc. A maximum of 6 names separated by slashes (/)
- +can be specified.
- +For example,
- +.Bd -literal -offset indent
- +set srchlist=lcs.MIT.EDU/ai.MIT.EDU/MIT.EDU
- +.Ed
- +.Pp
- +sets the domain to lcs.MIT.EDU and the search list to the three names.
- +This command overrides the
- +default domain name and search list of the
- +.Dq Ic set domain
- +command.
- +Use the
- +.Dq Ic set all
- +command to display the list.
- +.Pp
- +(Default = value based on
- +.Xr hostname 1 ,
- +.Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
- +or
- +.Ev LOCALDOMAIN;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Ic srchl )
- +.It Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic defname
- +.Xc
- +If set, append the default domain name to a single-component lookup request
- +(i.e., one that does not contain a period).
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic defname ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic defname )
- +.Xc
- +.It Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic search
- +.Xc
- +If the lookup request contains at least one period but
- +.Em doesn't
- +end with a trailing period, append the domain names in the domain search list
- +to the request until an answer is received.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic search ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic sea )
- +.Xc
- +.It Ic port= Ns Ar value
- +Change the default TCP/UDP name server port to
- +.Ar value .
- +.Pp
- +(Default = 53;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Ic \&po )
- +.It Ic querytype= Ns Ar value
- +.It Ic type= Ns Ar value
- +Change the type of information query to one of:
- +.Bl -tag -width "HINFO "
- +.It Dv A
- +the host's Internet address.
- +.It Dv CNAME
- +the canonical name for an alias.
- +.It Dv HINFO
- +the host CPU and operating system type.
- +.It Dv MINFO
- +the mailbox or mail list information.
- +.It Dv MX
- +the mail exchanger.
- +.It Dv NS
- +the name server for the named zone.
- +.It Dv PTR
- +the host name if the query is an Internet address;
- +otherwise, the pointer to other information.
- +.It Dv SOA
- +the domain's
- +.Dq start-of-authority
- +information.
- +.It Dv TXT
- +the text information.
- +.It Dv UINFO
- +the user information.
- +.It Dv WKS
- +the supported well-known services.
- +.El
- +.Pp
- +Other types
- +.Pq Dv ANY, AXFR, MB, MD, MF, NULL
- +are described in the RFC-1035 document.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Dv A ;
- +abbreviations =
- +.Ic q , ty )
- +.It Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic recurse
- +.Xc
- +Tell the name server to query other servers if it does not have the
- +information.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic recurse ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic rec )
- +.Xc
- +.It Ic retry= Ns Ar number
- +Set the number of retries to
- +.Ar number .
- +When a reply to a request is not received within a certain
- +amount of time (changed with
- +.Dq Ic set timeout ) ,
- +the timeout period is doubled and the request is resent.
- +The retry value controls how many times a request is resent before giving up.
- +.Pp
- +(Default = 4, abbreviation =
- +.Ic ret )
- +.It Ic root= Ns Ar host
- +Change the name of the root server to
- +.Ar host .
- +This affects the
- +.Dq Ic root
- +command.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic ns.internic.net. ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Ic ro )
- +.It Ic timeout= Ns Ar number
- +Change the initial timeout interval for waiting for a reply to
- +.Ar number
- +seconds. Each retry doubles the timeout period.
- +.Pp
- +(Default = 5 seconds; abbreviation =
- +.Ic ti )
- +.It Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic vc
- +.Xc
- +Always use a virtual circuit when sending requests to the server.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic novc ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic v )
- +.Xc
- +.It Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic ignoretc
- +.Xc
- +Ignore packet truncation errors.
- +.Pp
- +(Default =
- +.Ic noignoretc ;
- +abbreviation =
- +.Xo Op Ic no
- +.Ns Ic ig )
- +.Xc
- +.El
- +.El
- +.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
- +If the lookup request was not successful, an error message is printed.
- +Possible errors are:
- +.Bl -tag -width "Timed"
- +.It Li Timed out
- +The server did not respond to a request after a certain amount of
- +time (changed with
- +.Dq Ic set timeout= Ns Ar value )
- +and a certain number of retries (changed with
- +.Dq Ic set retry= Ns Ar value ) .
- +.It Li \&No response from server
- +No name server is running on the server machine.
- +.It Li \&No records
- +The server does not have resource records of the current query type for the
- +host, although the host name is valid.
- +The query type is specified with the
- +.Dq Ic set querytype
- +command.
- +.It Li Non-existent domain
- +The host or domain name does not exist.
- +.It Li Connection refused
- +.It Li Network is unreachable
- +The connection to the name or finger server could not be made
- +at the current time.
- +This error commonly occurs with
- +.Ic ls
- +and
- +.Ic finger
- +requests.
- +.It Li Server failure
- +The name server found an internal inconsistency in its database
- +and could not return a valid answer.
- +.It Li Refused
- +The name server refused to service the request.
- +.It Li Format error
- +The name server found that the request packet was not in the proper format.
- +It may indicate an error in
- +.Nm nslookup .
- +.El
- +.Sh FILES
- +.Bl -tag -width "/usr/share/misc/nslookup.helpXXX" -compact
- +.It Pa /etc/resolv.conf
- +initial domain name and name server addresses
- +.It Pa $HOME/.nslookuprc
- +user's initial options
- +.It Pa /usr/share/misc/nslookup.help
- +summary of commands
- +.Sh ENVIRONMENT
- +.Bl -tag -width "HOSTALIASESXXXX" -compact
- +.It Ev HOSTALIASES
- +file containing host aliases
- +.It Ev LOCALDOMAIN
- +overrides default domain
- +.Sh SEE ALSO
- +.Xr named 8 ,
- +.Xr resolver 3 ,
- +.Xr resolver 5 ;
- +RFC-1034,
- +.Dq Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities ;
- +RFC-1035,
- +.Dq Domain Names - Implementation and Specification .
- +.Sh AUTHOR
- +Andrew Cherenson
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