parabolaiso/configs/profile/root-image/root/network.html

Online version: <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Start_installing">https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Start_installing</a>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Start_installing"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Start installing</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Change_the_language"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Change the language</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Establish_an_internet_connection"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Establish an internet connection</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="#Wired"><span class="tocnumber">1.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Wired</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Wireless"><span class="tocnumber">1.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Wireless</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Analog_modem.2C_ISDN_or_PPPoE_DSL"><span class="tocnumber">1.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Analog modem, ISDN or PPPoE DSL</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Behind_a_proxy_server"><span class="tocnumber">1.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Behind a proxy server</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Start_installing"> Start installing </span></h2>
<p>You are now presented with a shell prompt, automatically logged in as root.
</p>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Change_the_language"> Change the language </span></h3>
<div style="padding: 5px; margin: 0.50em 0; background-color: #DDFFDD; border: thin solid #BBDDBB"><strong> Tip: </strong>These are optional for the majority of users. Useful only if you plan on writing in your own language in any of the configuration files, if you use diacritical marks in the Wi-Fi password, or if you would like to receive system messages (e.g. possible errors) in your own language.</div>
<p>By default, the keyboard layout is set to <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">us</span>. If you have a non-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:KB_United_States-NoAltGr.svg" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:File:KB United States-NoAltGr.svg">US</a> keyboard layout, run:
</p>
<pre># loadkeys <i>layout</i>
</pre>
<p>...where <i>layout</i> can be <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">fr</span>, <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">uk</span>, <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">dvorak</span>, <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">be-latin1</span>, etc. See <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/KEYMAP#Keyboard_layouts" title="KEYMAP">here</a> for a comprehensive list.
</p><p>The font should also be changed, because most languages use more glyphs than the 26 letter <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_alphabet" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:English alphabet">English alphabet</a>. Otherwise some foreign characters may show up as white squares or as other symbols. Note that the name is case-sensitive, so please type it <i>exactly</i> as you see it:
</p>
<pre># setfont Lat2-Terminus16
</pre>
<p>By default, the language is set to English (US). If you would like to change the language for the install process <i>(German, in this example)</i>, remove the <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">#</span> in front of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greendesktiny.com/support/knowledgebase_detail.php?ref=EUH-483">locale</a> you want from <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">/etc/locale.gen</span>, along with English (US). Please choose the <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">UTF-8</span> entry.
</p><p>Use <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">Ctrl+X</span> to exit, and when prompted to save changes, press <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">Y</span> and <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">Enter</span> to use the same filename.
</p>
<pre style="margin-bottom: 0; border-bottom:none; padding-bottom:0.8em; overflow: auto;"># nano /etc/locale.gen</pre>
<pre style="margin-top: 0; border-top-style:dashed; padding-top: 0.8em; overflow: auto;">
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
de_DE.UTF-8 UTF-8</pre>
<pre># locale-gen
# export LANG=de_DE.UTF-8
</pre>
<p>Remember, <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">LAlt+LShift</span> activates and deactivates the keymap.
</p>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Establish_an_internet_connection"> Establish an internet connection </span></h3>
<div style="padding: 5px; margin: 0.50em 0; background-color: #FFDDDD; border: thin solid #DDBBBB"><strong> Warning: </strong>As of v197, udev no longer assigns network interface names according to the wlanX and ethX naming scheme. If you are coming from a different distribution or are reinstalling Parabola and not aware of the new interface naming style, please do not assume that your wireless interface is named wlan0, or that your wired interface is named eth0. You can use the command <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">ip link</span> to discover the names of your interfaces.</div>
<p>The <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">dhcpcd</span> network daemon starts automatically during boot and it will attempt to start a wired connection. Try to ping a server to see if a connection was established. For example, gnu.org:
</p>
<pre style="margin-bottom: 0; border-bottom:none; padding-bottom:0.8em; overflow: auto;"># ping -c 3 gnu.org</pre>
<pre style="margin-top: 0; border-top-style:dashed; padding-top: 0.8em; overflow: auto;">PING gnu.org (208.118.235.148) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from wildebeest.gnu.org (208.118.235.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=47 time=183 ms
64 bytes from wildebeest.gnu.org (208.118.235.148): icmp_seq=2 ttl=47 time=168 ms
64 bytes from wildebeest.gnu.org (208.118.235.148): icmp_seq=3 ttl=47 time=183 ms

--- gnu.org ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 168.131/178.357/183.914/7.248 ms</pre>
<p>If you get a <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">ping: unknown host</span> error, first check if there is an issue with your cable or wireless signal strength. If not, you will need to set up the network manually, as explained below. Once a connection is established move on to <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Installation_Guide" title="Installation Guide">Installation Guide</a>.
</p>
<h4> <span class="mw-headline" id="Wired"> Wired </span></h4>
<p>Follow this procedure if you need to set up a wired connection via a static IP address.
</p><p>First, disable the dhcpcd service which was started automatically at boot:
</p>
<pre># systemctl stop dhcpcd.service
</pre>
<p>Identify the name of your Ethernet interface.
</p>
<pre style="margin-bottom: 0; border-bottom:none; padding-bottom:0.8em; overflow: auto;"># ip link</pre>
<pre style="margin-top: 0; border-top-style:dashed; padding-top: 0.8em; overflow: auto;">
1: lo: &lt;LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: enp2s0f0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:11:25:31:69:20 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: wlp3s0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP mode DORMANT qlen 1000
    link/ether 01:02:03:04:05:06 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff</pre>
<p>In this example, the Ethernet interface is <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">enp2s0f0</span>. If you are unsure, your Ethernet interface is likely to start with the letter "e", and unlikely to be "lo" or start with the letter "w". You can also use <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">iwconfig</span> and see which interfaces are not wireless:
</p>
<pre style="margin-bottom: 0; border-bottom:none; padding-bottom:0.8em; overflow: auto;"># iwconfig</pre>
<pre style="margin-top: 0; border-top-style:dashed; padding-top: 0.8em; overflow: auto;">enp2s0f0  no wireless extensions.
wlp3s0    IEEE 802.11bgn  ESSID:"NETGEAR97"
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.427 GHz  Access Point: 2C:B0:5D:9C:72:BF
          Bit Rate=65 Mb/s   Tx-Power=16 dBm
          Retry  long limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:on
          Link Quality=61/70  Signal level=-49 dBm
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:430   Missed beacon:0
lo        no wireless extensions.</pre>
<p>In this example, neither <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">enp2s0f0</span> nor the loopback device have wireless extensions, meaning <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">enp2s0f0</span> is our Ethernet interface.
</p><p>You also need to know these settings:
</p>
<ul><li> Static IP address.
</li><li> Subnet mask.
</li><li> Gateway's IP address.
</li><li> Name servers' (DNS) IP addresses.
</li><li> Domain name (unless you are on a local LAN, in which case you can make it up).
</li></ul>
<p>Activate the connected Ethernet interface (e.g. <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">enp2s0f0</span>):
</p>
<pre># ip link set enp2s0f0 up
</pre>
<p>Add the address:
</p>
<pre># ip addr add <i>ip_address</i>/<i>subnetmask</i> dev <i>interface_name</i>
</pre>
<p>For example:
</p>
<pre># ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev enp2s0f0
</pre>
<p>For more options, run <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">man ip</span>.
</p><p>Add your gateway like this, substituting your own gateway's IP address:
</p>
<pre># ip route add default via <i>ip_address</i>
</pre>
<p>For example:
</p>
<pre># ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
</pre>
<p>Edit <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">resolv.conf</span>, substituting your name servers' IP addresses and your local domain name:
</p>
<pre style="margin-bottom: 0; border-bottom:none; padding-bottom:0.8em; overflow: auto;"># nano /etc/resolv.conf</pre>
<pre style="margin-top: 0; border-top-style:dashed; padding-top: 0.8em; overflow: auto;">
nameserver 61.23.173.5
nameserver 61.95.849.8
search example.com</pre>
<div style="padding: 5px; margin: 0.50em 0; background-color: #DDDDFF; border: thin solid #BBBBDD"><strong> Note: </strong>Currently, you may include a maximum of three <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">nameserver</span> lines. In order to overcome this limitation, you can use a locally caching nameserver like <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Dnsmasq" title="Dnsmasq" class="mw-redirect">Dnsmasq</a>. </div>
<p>You should now have a working network connection. If you do not, check the detailed <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Network_Configuration" title="Network Configuration" class="mw-redirect">Network Configuration</a> page.
</p>
<h4> <span class="mw-headline" id="Wireless"> Wireless </span></h4>
<p>Follow this procedure if you need wireless connectivity (Wi-Fi) during the installation process.
</p><p>First, identify the name of your wireless interface.
</p>
<pre style="margin-bottom: 0; border-bottom:none; padding-bottom:0.8em; overflow: auto;"># iw dev</pre>
<pre style="margin-top: 0; border-top-style:dashed; padding-top: 0.8em; overflow: auto;">phy#0
        Interface wlp3s0
                ifindex 3
                wdev 0x1
                addr 00:21:6a:5e:52:bc
                type managed</pre>
<p>In this example, <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">wlp3s0</span> is the available wireless interface. If you are unsure, your wireless interface is likely to start with the letter "w", and unlikely to be "lo" or start with the letter "e". 
</p>
<div style="padding: 5px; margin: 0.50em 0; background-color: #DDDDFF; border: thin solid #BBBBDD"><strong> Note: </strong>If you do not see output similar to this, then your wireless driver has not been loaded. Please see <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Wireless_Setup" title="Wireless Setup">Wireless Setup</a> for more detailed information.</div>
<p>Bring the interface up with:
</p>
<pre># ip link set wlp3s0 up
</pre>
<p>If you get this error message: <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">SIOCSIFFLAGS: No such file or directory</span>, your wireless chipset could need a non-free firmware to function. This is not supported on Parabola. Please see <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Wireless_Setup" title="Wireless Setup">Wireless Setup</a> if you are unsure if this is the true for your particular chipset.
</p><p>Next, use <span style="font-family: monospace"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parabolagnulinux.org/packages/?name=netctl">netctl</a></span>'s <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">wifi-menu</span> to connect to a network:
</p>
<pre># wifi-menu wlp3s0
</pre>
<p>You should now have a working network connection. If you do not, check the detailed <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Wireless_Setup" title="Wireless Setup">Wireless Setup</a> page.
</p><p>Alternatively, use <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">iw dev wlp3s0 scan | grep SSID</span> to scan for available networks, then connect to a network with:
</p>
<pre># wpa_supplicant -B -i wlp3s0 -c &lt;(wpa_passphrase "<i>ssid</i>" "<i>psk</i>")
</pre>
<p>You need to replace <i>ssid</i> with the name of your network (e.g. "Linksys etc...") and <i>psk</i> with your wireless password, <b>leaving the quotes around the network name and password.</b>
</p><p>Finally, you have to give your interface an IP address. This can be set manually or using the dhcp:
</p>
<pre># dhcpcd wlp3s0
</pre>
<p>If that does not work, issue the following commands:
</p>
<pre># echo 'ctrl_interface=DIR=/run/wpa_supplicant' &gt; /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
# wpa_passphrase &lt;ssid&gt; &lt;passphrase&gt; &gt;&gt; /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
# ip link set &lt;interface&gt; up # May not be needed as dhcpcd should bring it up but may be needed for wpa_supplicant.
# wpa_supplicant -B -D nl80211 -c /foobar.conf -i &lt;interface name&gt;
# dhcpcd -A &lt;interface name&gt;
</pre>
<h4> <span class="mw-headline" id="Analog_modem.2C_ISDN_or_PPPoE_DSL"> Analog modem, ISDN or PPPoE DSL </span></h4>
<p>For xDSL, dial-up and ISDN connections, see <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Direct_Modem_Connection" title="Direct Modem Connection" class="mw-redirect">Direct Modem Connection</a>.
</p>
<h4> <span class="mw-headline" id="Behind_a_proxy_server"> Behind a proxy server </span></h4>
<p>If you are behind a proxy server, you will need to export the <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">http_proxy</span> and <span style="display:inline-block; background-color:#ebf1f5; padding: 0.1em 0.2em; font-family:monospace; color:#222;">ftp_proxy</span> environment variables. See <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/Proxy_settings" title="Proxy settings" class="mw-redirect">Proxy settings</a> for more information.
</p>
<br>
<p>This page was retrieved from: <a href="https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/index.php?title=Start_installing&amp;oldid=5138">https://wiki.parabolagnulinux.org/index.php?title=Start_installing&amp;oldid=5138</a>
</p>
<p>Content is available under <a class="external" href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License 1.3 (or at your option, any later version)</a>.
</p>
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