ia_rules 2.8 KB

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187
  1. // Interlingua translation rules for Espeak
  2. // This file is UTF-8 encoded
  3. // GI: Unstressed i and u turn into semiconsonants before a following vowel;
  4. // e.g. Bulgaria, filatorio, persuader
  5. .group a
  6. a a
  7. ai aI
  8. au aU
  9. .group e
  10. e e
  11. ei eI
  12. eu eU
  13. .group i
  14. i i
  15. i (A j // turns into j if followed by vowel
  16. &) i (c_ =i // stress on previous syllable
  17. &) i (ca_ =i
  18. &) i (co_ =i
  19. &) i (da_ =i
  20. &) i (do_ =i
  21. i (fic_ 'i
  22. i (fico_ 'i
  23. .group o
  24. o o
  25. oi oI
  26. .group u
  27. u u
  28. u (A w // turns into w if followed by vowel.
  29. &) u (la_ =u // stress on previous syllable
  30. &) u (lo_ =u
  31. // GI: DOUBLE CONSONANTS merge in pronunciation.
  32. .group b
  33. b b
  34. b (b
  35. // GI: c before e, i, y is pronounced like ts in 'hats' (or, optionally, like
  36. // c in 'city'); otherwise like c in 'cats'; ch like ch in 'echo', 'chrome';
  37. .group c
  38. c k
  39. c (c
  40. c (e ts
  41. c (i ts
  42. c (y ts
  43. // GI: The digraph ch stands frequently for the sound of sh in 'English'
  44. // and is respelled as sh; e.g. choc (sh-).
  45. ch tS // reduce deviation spellings by making ch standardized
  46. ch (l k
  47. ch (r k
  48. .group d
  49. d d
  50. d (d
  51. .group f
  52. f f
  53. f (f
  54. .group g
  55. g g
  56. g (g
  57. // GI: h as in English (or, optionally, silent); after r and t, silent;
  58. .group h
  59. h h
  60. h (h
  61. r) h
  62. t) h
  63. // GI: like z in 'azure' (or, optionally, like g in 'gem' or like y in 'yes');
  64. .group j
  65. j Z // like z in azure
  66. j (j
  67. .group k
  68. k k
  69. k (k
  70. .group l
  71. l l
  72. l (l
  73. .group m
  74. m m
  75. m (m
  76. // The sounds of g and k assimilate a preceding n as in English.
  77. .group n
  78. n n
  79. n (n
  80. n (k N
  81. n (g N
  82. n (q N
  83. .group p
  84. p p
  85. p (p
  86. ph f
  87. .group q
  88. q k
  89. q (q
  90. // GI: r like rr in 'merry' or, better, like r in Spanish 'caro';
  91. .group r
  92. r R // description too vague, so using standard r trill.
  93. r (r
  94. // GI: like s in 'stay'; between vowels, the same
  95. // (or, optionally, like s in 'these');
  96. // e.g. sparse, abstruse, accusativo;
  97. // GI: sound of sh in 'English'
  98. .group s
  99. s s // s always s for simplicity.
  100. s (s
  101. sh S
  102. s (_S1 s
  103. // GI: as in English; ti before vowels, unless stressed or preceded by s,
  104. // like tsy in 'he gets you' (or, optionally, like sy in 'we pass you'
  105. // or like ty in 'we let you'); e.g. actor, garantia, question,
  106. // but action, reverentia;
  107. // GI: h as in English (or, optionally, silent); after r and t, silent;
  108. .group t
  109. t t
  110. t (t
  111. th t // after t, h is silent.
  112. //ti S // too variable, English S, French s, latin t, keeping t.
  113. .group v
  114. v v
  115. v (v
  116. .group w
  117. w w
  118. w (w
  119. // GI: x like x in 'fox'; between vowels, the same
  120. // (or, optionally, like x in 'exact');
  121. .group x
  122. x ks // always ks for simplicty.
  123. x (x
  124. // GI: y unstressed before vowels, like y in 'yes';
  125. // otherwise like i in 'machine'; e.g. Yugoslavia, typo.
  126. .group y
  127. y (A j // j before vowels
  128. A) y j // ??
  129. y i // i otherwise
  130. .group z
  131. z z
  132. z (z